A preclinical approach to textile finishing and evaluation of bamboo fabric coated Acalypha indica and Tectona grandis for wound-dressing material

This study explores the potential of Acalypha indica and Tectona grandis leaf extracts in wound-dressing applications, emphasizing the development of natural, bio-based treatment options. Using ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) with ethanol, the extracts were coated onto bamboo woven fiber fabric at varying concentrations (50%, 75%, and 100%). Comprehensive characterization of bioactive compounds was conducted through phytochemical analysis, thin layer chromatography (TLC), antioxidant assays (FRAP), gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The coated fabric exhibited effective antibacterial properties against Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli . In addition, tests on fragrance, color intensity, and olfaction showed that the treated fabric maintained a pleasant herbal aroma lasting up to 20 washes. To further investigate the role of bamboo fabric as a substrate, an in vivo wound healing assay was performed on Wistar rats over 21 days. The 75% and 100% extract concentrations demonstrated over 90% wound closure, with the fastest healing time being 17 days. These results highlight that bio-extract-treated bamboo fabric not only promotes wound healing but also offers textile-related advantages, positioning it as a promising candidate for functional healthcare textiles.