Effect of nanofiber diameter on water absorption properties and pore size of polyamide-6 electrospun nanoweb

Electrospinning is a common method used to produce nanofiber from almost all types of polymers. By changing effective parameters of this process, especially polymer solution concentration, it is possible to produce nanoweb that consists of nanofibers with different averages of diameter. Here, the effect of nanofibers’ diameter on textural properties (water absorption time and pore size) of polyamide-6 nanoweb has been studied. In this way, three nanowebs with nanofibers’ average diameter of 111, 151, and 318 nm were electrospun from three different concentrations of 15, 20, and 25 wt%, respectively. Contact angle measurement and mercury porosimetry were used to investigate the nanowebs’ water absorption properties and porosity (pore size). The results from the water absorption test demonstrated that the absorption time of a 2 µL water droplet was remarkably shorter for electrospun nanoweb with larger nanofiber diameter. Nanowebs electrospun from 15 and 20 wt% concentrations had roughly the same absorption regime, while for 25 wt% the absorption regime was totally different. Mercury porosimetry of electrospun nanowebs revealed that the pore size in the nanoweb structure decreased by decreasing average diameter of nanofibers. The results of this study showed that contact angle measurement and mercury porosimetry tests could be used as complementary methods to scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy and presented as promising methods to study the textural and physical properties of electrospun nanowebs.