Extension of a steady-state chlorine dioxide brightening model for Z-ECF bleaching of softwood kraft pulps
Source abstract
Abstract
Earlier studies developed a steady-state model to predict the brightness and/or bleach consumption during the chlorine dioxide brightening (D1) of softwood pulps produced by conventional elemental-chlorine-free (ECF) sequences. This model relates the chlorine dioxide consumed to the brightness gains predicated upon an asymptotic D1 brightness limit, an incoming D1 pulp brightness, and an equation parameter (β11). The current investigation examines the application of this model to ECF sequences that use ozone delignification (Z-ECF). Literature D1 data from various Z-ECF bleaching studies, which investigated OZ, OD0/Z, and OZ/D0 delignification, were fitted to the model. The β11 parameter was found to be linearly correlated to the entering kappa number. Interestingly, this linear relationship was found to be identical to the relationships observed when modeling the D1 stage for conventional ECF and chlorine-based bleach sequences. Subtle differences in D1 brightening response in the model among the various bleach sequences are reflected by incoming pulp brightness (at the same kappa number). The current model is used to illustrate how alterations to Z-ECF delignification affect D1 brightening and chlorine dioxide consumption.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Lignin and Wood Chemistry
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (46)
Show source-provided references
1. Hart, P.W., “Pulp bleaching,” in Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Online edn., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2019.https://doi.org/10.1002/0471238961.1621121613030415.a01.pub3.10.1002/0471238961.1621121613030415.a01.pub3 ↗
2. Metais, A. and Germer, E., Paper360° 13(4): 46(2018).
3. Freeman, D., “Ozone delignification,” in The Bleaching of Pulp (P.W. Hart and A.W. Rudie, Eds.) 5th edn., TAPPI Press, Peachtree Corners, GA, USA.
4. van Lierop, B., Skothos, A., and Liebergott, N., “Ozone delignification,” in Pulp Bleaching: Principles and Practice (C.W. Dence and D.W. Reeve, Eds.), TAPPI Press, Peachtree Corners, GA, 1996.
5. Hostachy, J., TAPPI J. 9(8): 16(2010). https://doi.org/10.32964/TJ9.8.16.10.32964/TJ9.8.16 ↗
6. Metais, A. and Germer, E., Paper360° 11(2): 44(2016).
7. Metais, A. and Germer, E., Paper360° 11(3): 52(2016).
8. Metais, A., Hostachy, J.-C., and Van Wyk, B., Paper360° 8(5):38(2013).
9. TIP 0606-21, “Recommended pulp bleaching stage designation method,” in TAPPI Technical Information Papers, TAPPI PRESS, Peachtree Corners, GA, 2015.
10. Liebergott, N. and van Lierop, B., Tappi 64(6): 95(1981).
11. Liebergott, N., van Lierop, B., and Kubes, G.J., Ozone: Sci. Eng. 4(3): 109(1982). https://doi.org/10.1080/01919518208550950.10.1080/01919518208550950 ↗
12. Fisher, S., Corbeil, S., and Sundar, M., “Strength preservation in ozone bleaching using (D/Z) or (Z/D) at low consistency,” TAPPI Pulping Conf., TAPPI Press, Peachtree Corners, GA, 1998, p. 1429.
13. Homer, G., Epiney, M., Muguet, M., et al., Pulp Pap. Can. 98(8): T269(1997).
14. Chirat, C. and Lachenal, D., TAPPI J. 80(9): 209(1997).
15. Chirat, C., Lachenal, D., Angelier, R., et al., J. Pulp Pap. Sci. 23(6): J289(1997).
16. Toven, K., Gellerstedt, G., Kleppe, P., et al., J. Pulp Pap. Sci. 28(9): J305(2002).
17. Gupta, M.K. and Eckert, R.C., “OZ prebleaching: Influence on viscosity and sheet strength,” TAPPI Oxygen Delignification Symp. Notes, TAPPI Press, Peachtree Corners, GA, 1984, p. 133.
18. Brown, J., Cheek, M.C., Jameel, H., et al., TAPPI J. 77(11):105(1994).
19. Lindholm, C.-A., Nord. Pulp Pap. Res. J. 9(1): 31(1994).https://doi.org/10.3183/npprj-1994-09-01-p031-036.10.3183/npprj-1994-09-01-p031-036 ↗
20. Lindholm, C.-A., J. Pulp Pap. Sci. 16(6): J190(1990).10.1007/BF01321165 ↗
21. Brogdon, B.N., TAPPI J. 13(3): 17(2014).https://doi.org/10.32964/TJ12.2.17.10.32964/TJ12.2.17 ↗
22. Brogdon, B.N., TAPPI J. 16(5): 263(2017).https://doi.org/10.32964/TJ16.5.263.10.32964/TJ16.5.263 ↗
23. Brogdon, B.N., TAPPI J. 15(3): 178(2016).https://doi.org/10.32964/TJ15.3.178.10.32964/TJ15.3.178 ↗
24. McDonough, T. and Turner, M., “Partial replacement of ClO2 by O3 in the D0 stage,” unpublished data, Institute of Paper Science and Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA, 19-20 October 1999.
25. McDonough, T.J., Rawat, N., and Turner, M., Appita Annu. Gen. Conf. Proc., 51st, Melbourne, Appita, Macleod, Vic., Australia, 1997, p. 255.
26. McDonough, T.J., Krishnagopalan, G.A., Rawat, N., et al., Int. Pulp Bleaching Conf., SPCI, Stockholm, 1998, p.296.
27. McDonough, T.J., Krishnagopalan, G.A., Rawat, N., et al., 10th International Symposium of Wood and Pulping Chemistry, Japan TAPPI, Tokyo, 1999, pp.296-301.
28. Basta, J., Andersson, L., Blom, C., et al., TAPPI Pulping Conf., TAPPI Press, Peachtree Corners, GA, 1992, p. 547.
29. Brogdon, B.N. and Lucia, L.A., J. Wood Chem. Technol. 25(3):149(2005). https://doi.org/10.1080/02773810500191716.10.1080/02773810500191716 ↗
30. Brogdon, B.N. and Lucia, L.A., J. Wood Chem. Technol. 25(3):133(2005). https://doi.org/10.1080/0277381050019169010.1080/02773810500191690 ↗
31. Suess, H.U. and Davies D., Pulp Pap. Can. 108(7/8): 41(2007).
32. Liebergott, N., van Lierop, B., Kovacs, T., et al., TAPPI Pulping Conf., TAPPI Press, Peachtree Corners, GA, 1990, p. 429.
33. Histed, J., McCubbin, N., and Gleadow, P.L., “Water reuse and recycle,” in Pulp Bleaching: Principles and Practice (C.W. Dence and D.W. Reeve, Eds.), TAPPI PRESS, Peachtree Corners, GA, 1996.
34. Pattyson, G., Rae, R.G., Reeve, D.W., et al., Pulp Pap. Can. 82(6): T212(1981).
35. Reeve, D.W., “Bleaching technology,” in Pulp and Paper Manufacture, Alkaline Pulping (T.M. Grace, B. Leopold, E.W. Malcolm, et al., Eds.) Vol. 5, Joint Textbook Committee of the Paper Industry, TAPPI/CPPA, Peachtree Corners, GA/Montreal, QC, 1989.10.1002/cjce.5450660625 ↗
36. Huitema, B.E., The Analysis of Covariance and Alternatives, 2nd edn., John Wiley & Sons Inc., Hoboken, NJ, USA, 2011.
37. Montgomery, D.C., Peck, E.A., and Vining, G.G., Introduction to Linear Regression Analysis, 5th edn., John Wiley & Sons Inc., Hoboken, 2012.
38. Teder, A. and Tormund, D., “Kinetics of chlorine dioxide bleaching,” Trans. Tech. Sect. CPPA 3(2): 41(1977).
39. Middleton, S.R. and Scallan, A.M., Nord. Pulp Pap. J. 7(1): 22(1992). https://doi.org/10.3183/npprj-1992-07-01-p022-024.10.3183/npprj-1992-07-01-p022-024 ↗
40. Nanko, H., Button, A., and Hillman, D., “Market pulp atlas,” in The World of Market Pulp (C.E. Swann, Ed.) 3rd edn., WOMP LLC, Appleton, WI, USA, 2005.
41. Connell, D. and Carmichael, S., “Chlorine dioxide as a brightening agent,” in The Bleaching of Pulp (P.W. Hart and A.W. Rudie, Eds.) 5th edn., TAPPI Press, Peachtree Corners, GA, 2012.
42. Germgård, U. and Karlsson, R.-M., Pap. Puu 66(11): 627(1984).
43. Germgård, U. and Karlsson, R.-M., Pap. Puu 67(11): 655(1985).
44. Rapson, W.H. and Anderson, C.B., Int. Pulp Bleaching Conf., CPPA, Montreal, 1985, p. 227.
45. Ragnar, M., Nord. Pulp Pap. Res. J. 18(2): 162(2003).https://doi.org/10.3183/npprj-2003-18-02-p162-167.10.3183/npprj-2003-18-02-p162-167 ↗
46. Lindholm, C.-A., J. Pulp Pap. Sci. 19(3): J108(1993).