Wetting-Induced Water Promoted Flow on Tunable Liquid–Liquid Interface-Based Nanopore Membrane System

Membrane separation provides effective methods for solving the global water crisis. Contemporary membrane systems depend on interfacial interactions between liquid and solid membrane matrixes. However, it may lead to a limiting permeate flux due to the large flow resistance at hydrophobic liquid–solid interfaces. Herein, the liquid–liquid interface with improved interface energy is reversibly introduced in membrane systems to boost wetting and reduce transport resistance. A series of interfaces were systematically explored to reveal mechanisms of wetting and boosted flow performances, which are further supported by simulations. Findings of this study highlight that interfacial liquids with lower surface energies, lower viscosities, and higher solubilities can effectively improve water flow without sacrificing rejection performance, achieving by transforming a solid–liquid interface into liquid–liquid interface interaction. It provides a concept to design advanced membrane systems for water purification (e.g., desalination and oil–water separation) and energy conversion processes.