journal article·2025-10

Alpha particle fluence-dependent physico-chemical properties of polycarbonate (Makrofol) surface after electrochemical etching

Reyhaneh Sadat Motevallian, Parviz Parvin, Seyedeh Zahra Mortazavi, Ali Reyhani, Nafiseh Sadat Kalantari, Negin Nezamlou, Amir Jafargholi, Mohammadreza Aghaei, Mahdi Ebrahimi, Mehdi Sohrabi

Publisher page

Abstract

The optical properties of polycarbonate (Makrofol) samples are investigated under alpha irradiation with 2 MeV energy at various fluences ranging from of 103 to 106 alpha/cm2, following the electrochemical etching (ECE). Several microanalyses are carried out to characterize the optical, chemical, and structural properties of the samples, including field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, and BET analysis. Surface features and functionalities are further assessed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and attenuated total reflectance/Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. Additionally, surface wettability is examined through contact angle measurements. Image processing of micrographs obtained from FESEM is utilized to determine track density, induced micro-hole diameter, and corresponding depth. Finally, machine learning (ML) is employed to accurately predict unknown patterns induced by the combined alpha irradiation and ECE. Specifically, k-nearest neighbors (KNN) classification with Bayesian optimization is used to identify alpha fluence levels with 90.1 % accuracy.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Polymer Nanocomposite Synthesis and Irradiation · Ion-surface interactions and analysis · Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (66)

Show source-provided references
1. Surface modification of Makrofol-DE induced by α-particles10.1080/14786435.2013.827339 ↗
2. Free volume study of 70MeV carbon induced modification in polymers through positron annihilation10.1016/j.nimb.2005.11.135 ↗
3. Energy dissipation of fast heavy ions in matter10.1016/S0168-583X(00)00544-9 ↗
4. A Comparative Study of the Effects of Oxygen Ions Upon the Free Volume and Physico-Chemical Properties of Makrofol (KG & N) Polycarbonate10.1002/masy.201400194 ↗
5. Ion-beam modification of polymeric materials - fundamental principles and applications10.1016/S0168-583X(99)00129-9 ↗
6. Influence of high-energy ion radiation on the structural, optical, and chemical properties of polytetrafluoroethylene10.1002/adv.21410 ↗
7. Radiation processing for modification of polymers
8. Optical and chemical behaviors of CR-39 and Makrofol plastics under low-energy electron beam irradiation10.7567/JJAP.55.076401 ↗
9. Attenuation of electromagnetic radiation in Nuclear Track Detectors10.1088/1748-0221/16/06/T06001 ↗
10. Modification induced by alpha particle radiation in Makrofol polycarbonate10.1002/app.28469 ↗
11. Spectroscopic studies on alpha particle-radiated PADC (CR-39 detector)10.1016/j.rinp.2014.04.001 ↗
12. Studying the structural, optical, chemical and electrochemical etching changes of CR-39 for dosemetric applications10.1093/rpd/ncx040 ↗
13. Alpha particle energy and fluence dependence of polycarbonate detectors10.1016/j.radmeas.2017.07.001 ↗
14. M. Sohrabi, Simplified fast neutron dosimeter, U.S. Patent 4,157,473, 5 June 1979.
15. Amgarou · 2002
16. Characterization of Makrofol® DE 1-1 (bisphenol-A polycarbonate) as SSNTD and its application in the alpha particle detection
17. Etching and Optical Properties of 1–2 MeV Alpha Particles Irradiated CR-39 Radiation Detectors10.1016/j.nima.2022.167370 ↗
18. Study of the Optical Properties of Etched Alpha Tracks in Annealed and Non-Annealed CR-39 Polymeric Detectors10.1016/j.radphyschem.2013.11.021 ↗
19. Improvement of Makrofol® DE 7-2 Polycarbonate Optical Properties by Thermal Annealing for the Registration of Alpha Particles10.1016/j.rinp.2016.08.015 ↗
20. Investigation of the Effect of a He-Ne Laser on the Optical Properties through Etched CN-85 and CR-39 Containing Alpha Tracks
21. Studying the structural, optical, chemical and electrochemical etching changes of CR-39 dosimetric applications
22. A Study of the Effect of Etching Time on the Optical Properties of Irradiated CR-39 Polymer
23. The impact of laser on the activation energy and sensitivity of CR-39 detector10.14704/nq.2022.20.2.NQ22077 ↗
24. Efficiency enhancement using ArF laser induced micro/nanostructures on the polymeric layer of solar cell10.1016/j.optlastec.2016.08.007 ↗
25. Optical properties of Makrofol under various alpha fluences10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112159 ↗
26. P. Parvin, et al., Efficiency enhancement of the photovoltaic cells using a converter, methods for producing thereof, and a solar cell device, PCT/EP2024/074428, 02 September 2024, European Patent Office, The Hague.
27. Alpha Particle Energy-Range Studies by a Layer Removal Method in Polycarbonate Detectors for Determining Unknown Ion Energies10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.111886 ↗
28. Formation and growth of tracks in nuclear track materials10.1016/j.mser.2004.07.003 ↗
29. Carbon (70 MeV) and copper (120 MeV) ions irradiation effects in Makrofol-N10.1080/10420150701772950 ↗
30. Image processing
31. Image Processing Using Python10.48175/IJARSCT-17499 ↗
32. Studies on energy loss, range and straggling of light ions in polymer (PMMA) film10.15623/ijret.2016.0533019 ↗
33. Single source-based energy and efficiency calibration method for the assessment of an alpha imaging detector10.1088/1748-0221/16/12/C12017 ↗
34. Electrochemical patterning of transparent single-walled carbon nanotube films on plastic substrates10.1021/la904642k ↗
35. Study the optical characteristics of CR-39 nuclear track detector using ultraviolet radiation
36. The nature of polymer grafts and substrate shape on the surface degradation of poly(l-lactide)
37. Direct-write multiphoton photolithography: A systematic study of the etching behaviors in various commercial polymers10.1021/la7020066 ↗
38. Effect of different gamma dose and chemical etching on pre- and post-alpha-irradiated PM-355 polymer10.1155/2021/8825079 ↗
39. Compatibilisation of polyethylene/ground tyre rubber blends by γ irradiation10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2006.04.001 ↗
40. Changes of MQW PL under alpha particle irradiation10.1006/spmi.2000.0971 ↗
41. Luminescence enhancement by electrochemical etching of SiC(6H)10.1016/0040-6090(94)05632-N ↗
42. Enhancement and stabilization of the PL from porous silicon prepared by Ag-assisted electrochemical etching10.1002/sia.5158 ↗
43. Preparation and characterization of porous silicon prepared by electrochemical etching10.30684/etj.32.4B.1 ↗
44. Poly(alkylthiophene) with pendant dianiline groups via postpolymerization functionalization: Preparation, spectroscopic, and spectroelectrochemical characterization10.1021/ma034997c ↗
45. Electrochemical Characterization and Detection of Lead in Water Using SPCE Modified with BiONPs/PANI10.3390/nano11051294 ↗
46. Investigation of Aggregation and Assembly of Alkali Lignin Using Iodine as a Probe10.1021/bm101449b ↗
47. Modifications Induced by Gamma Irradiation to Makrofol Polymer Nuclear Track Detector10.1016/j.jare.2014.01.005 ↗
48. Modification of Optical and Electrical Properties of Zinc Oxide-Coated Porous Silicon Nanostructures Induced by Swift Heavy Ion10.1186/1556-276X-7-366 ↗
49. Ultrahigh Surface Area Zirconium MOFs and Insights into the Applicability of the BET Theory10.1021/ja512973b ↗
50. Removal of Cr(VI) from Wastewater by a Novel Adsorbent of Magnetic Goethite: Adsorption Performance and Adsorbent Characterisation
51. Determination of the Specific Surface Areas of Non-Porous and Macroporous Carbons10.1260/0263617011494565 ↗
52. Asymmetric ion track nanopores for sensor technology. Reconstruction of pore profile from conductometric measurements
53. Investigation of nanopore evolution in ion track-etched polycarbonate membranes10.1016/j.nimb.2007.10.004 ↗
54. FTIR Spectroscopic Studies of the Stabilities and Reactivities of Hydrogen-Terminated Surfaces of Silicon Nanowires10.1021/ic020723e ↗
55. Stuart · 2004
56. Quantitative Evaluation of the Photoinduced Hydrophilic Conversion Properties of TiO2 Thin Film Surfaces by the Reciprocal of Contact Angle10.1021/jp022105p ↗
57. The effects of multicharged ion irradiation on a polycarbonate surface10.1080/10420150.2018.1552958 ↗
58. Liquid-fluid contact angle measurements on hydrophilic cellulosic materials10.1016/0927-7757(96)03587-X ↗
59. Effect of Ion Pair on Contact Angle for Phosphonium Ionic Liquids10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c01989 ↗
60. Insight into the Influence of Surface Roughness on the Wettability of Apatite and Dolomite10.3390/min10020114 ↗
61. Interfacial interaction of bio-leaching of pyrite mineral10.1007/s11771-008-0011-1 ↗
62. Effect of roughness as determined by atomic force microscopy on the wetting properties of PTFE thin films10.1002/pen.10580 ↗
63. A brief review of nearest neighbor algorithm for learning and classification
64. Comparative performance analysis of K-nearest neighbour (KNN) algorithm and its different variants for disease prediction10.1038/s41598-022-10358-x ↗
65. Hyperparameter optimization for machine learning models based on Bayesian optimization
66. On hyperparameter optimization of machine learning algorithms: Theory and practice10.1016/j.neucom.2020.07.061 ↗