The Coalescence Behavior of Two-Dimensional Materials Revealed by Multiscale In Situ Imaging during Chemical Vapor Deposition Growth

Zhu-Jun Wang; Jichen Dong; Linfei Li; Guocai Dong; Yi Cui; Yang Yang; Wei Wei; Raoul Blume; Qing Li; Li Wang; Xiaozhi Xu; Kaihui Liu; Cédric Barroo; Joost W. M. Frenken; Qiang Fu; Xinhe Bao; Robert Schlögl; Feng Ding; Marc-Georg Willinger

doi:10.1021/acsnano.9b08221

journal article·2020-02-25

The Coalescence Behavior of Two-Dimensional Materials Revealed by Multiscale In Situ Imaging during Chemical Vapor Deposition Growth

Zhu-Jun Wang, Jichen Dong, Linfei Li, Guocai Dong, Yi Cui, Yang Yang, Wei Wei, Raoul Blume, Qing Li, Li Wang, Xiaozhi Xu, Kaihui Liu, Cédric Barroo, Joost W. M. Frenken, Qiang Fu, Xinhe Bao, Robert Schlögl, Feng Ding, Marc-Georg Willinger

ACS Nano· Volume 14· Issue 2

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Abstract

Wafer-scale monocrystalline two-dimensional (2D) materials can theoretically be grown by seamless coalescence of individual domains into a large single crystal. Here we present a concise study of the coalescence behavior of crystalline 2D films using a combination of complementary in situ methods. Direct observation of overlayer growth from the atomic to the millimeter scale and under model- and industrially relevant growth conditions reveals the influence of the film–substrate interaction on the crystallinity of the 2D film. In the case of weakly interacting substrates, the coalescence behavior is dictated by the inherent growth kinetics of the 2D film. It is shown that the merging of coaligned domains leads to a distinct modification of the growth dynamics through the formation of fast-growing high-energy edges. The latter can be traced down to a reduced kink-creation energy at the interface between well-aligned domains. In the case of strongly interacting substrates, the lattice mismatch between film and substrate induces a pronounced moiré corrugation that determines the growth and coalescence behavior. It furthermore imposes additional criteria for seamless coalescence and determines the structure of grain boundaries. The experimental findings, obtained here for the case of graphene, are confirmed by theory-based growth simulations and can be generalized to other 2D materials that show 3- or 6-fold symmetry. Based on the gained understanding of the relation between film–substrate interaction, shape evolution, and coalescence behavior, conditions for seamless coalescence and, thus, for the optimization of large-scale production of monocrystalline 2D materials are established.

Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline

Research context

Nanomaterials Materials processing

OpenAlex topics: Graphene research and applications · 2D Materials and Applications · Ga2O3 and related materials

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Scientific Center for Optical and Electron Microscopy, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland

Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Berlin-Dahlem D-14195, Germany

School of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea

Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States

Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands

Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China

State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China

Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China

State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

Chemical Physics of Materials and Catalysis, Faculty of Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP243, 1050 Brussels, Belgium

Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam D-14424, Germany

Funding

Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China · Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province · Wallonie-Bruxelles International · Institute for Basic Science · Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS · Central Committee of the Communist Party of China

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