journal article·2020-02-25

Realization of Symmetry-Enforced Two-Dimensional Dirac Fermions in Nonsymmorphic α-Bismuthene

Pawel J. Kowalczyk, Simon A. Brown, Tobias Maerkl, Qiangsheng Lu, Ching-Kai Chiu, Ying Liu, Shengyuan A. Yang, Xiaoxiong Wang, Ilona Zasada, Francesca Genuzio, Tevfik Onur Menteş, Andrea Locatelli, Tai-Chang Chiang, Guang Bian

ACS Nano· Volume 14· Issue 2
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Abstract

Two-dimensional (2D) Dirac-like electron gases have attracted tremendous research interest ever since the discovery of free-standing graphene. The linear energy dispersion and nontrivial Berry phase play a pivotal role in the electronic, optical, mechanical, and chemical properties of 2D Dirac materials. The known 2D Dirac materials are gapless only within certain approximations, for example, in the absence of spin-orbit coupling (SOC). Here, we report a route to establishing robust Dirac cones in 2D materials with nonsymmorphic crystal lattice. The nonsymmorphic symmetry enforces Dirac-like band dispersions around certain high-symmetry momenta in the presence of SOC. Through μ-ARPES measurements, we observe Dirac-like band dispersions in α-bismuthene. The nonsymmorphic lattice symmetry is confirmed by μ-low-energy electron diffraction and scanning tunneling microscopy. Our first-principles simulations and theoretical topological analysis demonstrate the correspondence between nonsymmorphic symmetry and Dirac states. This mechanism can be straightforwardly generalized to other nonsymmorphic materials. The results enlighten the search of symmetry-enforced Dirac fermions in the vast uncharted world of nonsymmorphic 2D materials.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Topological Materials and Phenomena · Graphene research and applications · 2D Materials and Applications

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Department of Solid State Physics, Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Pomorska 149/153, Poland

The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States

Kavli Institute for Theoretical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

Research Laboratory for Quantum Materials, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372

College of Science, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China

Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, I-34149 Trieste, Italy

Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801-3080, United States

Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign, 104 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801-2902, United States

Funding

MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology · Ministry of Education - Singapore · Narodowe Centrum Nauki · National Natural Science Foundation of China · Division of Materials Research

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