Stability of Ti₃C₂T_{x} MXene Films and Devices under Clinical Sterilization Processes

Spencer R. Averbeck; Doris Xu; Brendan B. Murphy; Kateryna Shevchuk; Sneha Shankar; Mark Anayee; Marcelo Der Torossian Torres; Michael S. Beauchamp; Cesar de la Fuente-Nunez; Yury Gogotsi; Flavia Vitale

doi:10.1021/acsnano.3c01525

journal article·2023-05-23Open access

Stability of Ti₃C₂T_x MXene Films and Devices under Clinical Sterilization Processes

Spencer R. Averbeck, Doris Xu, Brendan B. Murphy, Kateryna Shevchuk, Sneha Shankar, Mark Anayee, Marcelo Der Torossian Torres, Michael S. Beauchamp, Cesar de la Fuente-Nunez, Yury Gogotsi, Flavia Vitale

ACS Nano· Volume 17· Issue 10

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Source abstract

Abstract

MXenes are being heavily investigated in biomedical research, with applications ranging from regenerative medicine to bioelectronics. To enable the adoption and integration of MXenes into therapeutic platforms and devices, however, their stability under standard sterilization procedures must be established. Here, we present a comprehensive investigation of the electrical, chemical, structural, and mechanical effects of common thermal (autoclave) and chemical (ethylene oxide (EtO) and H 2 O 2 gas plasma) sterilization protocols on both thin-film Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene microelectrodes and mesoscale arrays made from Ti 3 C 2 T x -infused cellulose–elastomer composites. We also evaluate the effectiveness of the sterilization processes in eliminating all pathogens from the Ti 3 C 2 T x films and composites. Post-sterilization analysis revealed that autoclave and EtO did not alter the DC conductivity, electrochemical impedance, surface morphology, or crystallographic structure of Ti 3 C 2 T x and were both effective at eliminating E. coli from both types of Ti 3 C 2 T x -based devices. On the other end, exposure to H 2 O 2 gas plasma sterilization for 45 min induced severe degradation of the structure and properties of Ti 3 C 2 T x films and composites. The stability of the Ti 3 C 2 T x after EtO and autoclave sterilization and the complete removal of pathogens establish the viability of both sterilization processes for Ti 3 C 2 T x -based technologies.

Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline

Research context

Polymers Composites

OpenAlex topics: MXene and MAX Phase Materials · Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials · Advanced Memory and Neural Computing

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States

Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States

Department of Material Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States

A.J Drexel Nanomaterials Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States

Departments of Psychiatry and Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States

Institute for Biomedical Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States

Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States

Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States

Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States

Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration, and Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States

Funding

Procter and Gamble · University of Pennsylvania · United Therapeutics Corporation · U.S. Department of Education · Brain and Behavior Research Foundation · Defense Threat Reduction Agency · National Institutes of Health · National Institute of General Medical Sciences · National Science Foundation

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