Development of macroporous tricalcium phosphate with hyaluronic acid as the cell carrier as the subcutaneous filler

Abstract The purpose of this study is to develop macroporous TCP (tricalcium phosphate) with irregular shape and the use of HA (hyaluronic acid) gel as the lubricating agent of a composite hydrogel for cell carrier. The porous TCP particle with meteorite shape was made by the solid-state reaction by adding different ratios of the PMMA (Poly(methyl methacrylate)). The subcutaneous filler was made by mixing hyaluronic acid gel with TCP particles and live cells. For the in vitro testing, the mouse fibroblasts cell line L929 was employed for analysis of the toxicity and biocompatibility of the material. The cells were cultured on the material for one to three days followed by the WST-1 (Water soluble tetrazolium) and LDH (Lactate dehydrogenase) analysis. The results of LDH and WST-1 showed that the composite HA/β-TCP was not cytotoxicity. The advantage of this product is the meteorite shaped macroporous TCP particle in the hyaluronic acid gel that could form a linkage channel in the gel. When the fat cell mixed with the composite HA/TCP gel, the fat cells will not be covered with the hyaluronic acid for a long time, and hence the cell will not die of hypoxia or the lack of growth factors provided by the subject’s body fluid. As the proliferation of fat cells progressed, it became a good filler of the injected area.