journal article·2026-06-19

Boosting Ion Transport in MXene Films via In‐Plane Nanopores and Embedded TiO 2 Nanoparticles: Toward Ultrafast Supercapacitors

Suxia Jiang, Pei Li, Ziyan Zhou, Na Xing, Yu Dai, Xiaojian Xu, Dou Lin, Weihan Li, Fangming Han

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Two‐dimensional MXene (Ti 3 C 2 T x ) is a promising electrode material for ultrafast supercapacitors (SCs) owing to its high specific surface area and metallic conductivity. However, the performance is fundamentally limited by sluggish ion transport kinetics, which originates from two intertwined structural issues: the inherently high tortuosity ( τ ) of ion pathways within restacked nanosheets and the limited accessibility of internal active sites. Herein, we design and fabricate a TiO 2 ‐embedded holey Ti 3 C 2 T x (TiO 2 /H‐Ti 3 C 2 T x ) film electrode via a simple hydrothermal H 2 O 2 treatment followed by vacuum filtration. This design implements a dual‐mechanism strategy: the creation of in‐plane nanopores provides vertical shortcuts for rapid ion diffusion, while the in‐situ grown TiO 2 nanoparticles act as structural pillars to widen interlayer spacing and prevent restacking, thereby synergistically reducing ion transport tortuosity and exposing abundant ion‐accessible active sites. As a direct consequence of this structural engineering, the assembled SC achieves exceptional frequency performance, delivering high areal and volumetric capacitances of 1164 µF cm −2 and 14.9 F cm −3 at 120 Hz with a phase angle of −80°. This performance surpasses most reported pseudocapacitive filter SCs and commercial aluminum electrolytic capacitors. Its practicality is demonstrated by effective high‐frequency AC‐line ripple smoothing, highlighting the material's promise for powering next‐generation miniaturized electronics.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: MXene and MAX Phase Materials · Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication · Advancements in Battery Materials

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei P. R. China

University of Science and Technology of China Hefei P. R. China

Eastern Institute for Advanced Study, Ningbo Institute of Digital Twin, Eastern Institute of Technology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of All‐Solid‐State Battery Ningbo Key Laboratory of All‐Solid‐State Battery Ningbo Zhejiang P. R. China

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China

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