A Wearable Bioelectronic Patch With Adaptive Photodynamic and Electrical Stimulation for Drug‐Resistant Bacteria Infected Burn Wound Healing

ABSTRACT Drug‐resistant bacterial infections critically disrupt the intricate and sequential process of wound healing, resulting in non‐healing wounds that compromise patient recovery and quality of life. Here, a smart wearable bioelectronic patch is designed for the adaptive management of drug‐resistant bacteria‐infected burn wounds, which integrates real‐time diagnostic capability with regulable therapeutic modalities: photodynamic therapy (PDT) for on‐demand infection control and electrical stimulation (ES) to accelerate tissue regeneration. The patch operates autonomously through a feedback loop: upon detection of elevated wound temperature resulting from infection‐induced excessive inflammation, the non‐antibiotic PDT modality is triggered to effectively eradicate drug‐resistant bacteria. Subsequently, ES is activated to promote cellular proliferation and migration during the prolonged healing process. This multifunctional patch exhibited potent antibiotic‐free antibacterial efficacy toward typical drug‐resistant bacteria (methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus ) and significantly accelerated burn wound healing in both in vitro and in vivo models. By synchronizing diagnostic and adaptive therapeutic interventions, this integrated bioelectronic patch provides a smart platform that satisfies the dynamic and demanding requirements of drug‐resistant bacteria‐infected wound management.