journal article·2026-06Open access

Mechanochemical Transformation From Zigzag‐Type Layered/Phenakite to Disordered Rocksalt in Mn‐Rich Cathodes for Li‐Ion Batteries

Yi‐Chen Wu, Yoojin Ahn, Tsung‐Yi Chen, Xueyu Hu, Yong Ding, Yewon Oh, Weining Wang, Meilin Liu

Small· Volume 22· Issue 35

Abstract

ABSTRACT Understanding how cation disorder develops in Mn‐rich disordered rocksalt (DRX) systems—particularly under mechanochemical activation—has been hindered by limited insight into the underlying transformation pathways. Here, we uncover a distinct transformation route in Li 1.2 Mn (2+x)/3 Mo (0.4‐x)/3 O 2‐x F x (LMMOFx), in which Mo and F co‐doping drives the material toward a zigzag‐type layered/phenakite‐mixed structure. This layered/phenakite‐mixed phase undergoes pronounced local structural reconstruction, which promotes DRX formation and induces a transition from a two‐phase Mn and O redox mechanism to a stable single‐phase process, delivering a high reversible capacity of 297.9 mAh g −1 . Systematic structural and electrochemical comparisons across the LMMOF series further reveal how progressive disorder and phase mixing reshape Li‐ion transport pathways. Together, these results establish a mechanistic framework for leveraging dopant‐ and structure‐controlled precursor chemistry to direct mechanochemical DRX formation, and they offer a design principle for earth‐abundant, Mn‐rich DRX cathodes with tunable disorder.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Advancements in Battery Materials · Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication · Advanced battery technologies research

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia USA

National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center Hsinchu Taiwan

Funding

Georgia Tech Foundation

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