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journal article·2021-11Open access

Protein Nanopore Membranes Prepared by a Simple Langmuir–Schaefer Approach

Magnus S. Schwieters, Maria Mathieu‐Gaedke, Michael Westphal, Raphael Dalpke, Maxim Dirksen, Daizong Qi, Marco Grull, Thomas Bick, Stephanie Taßler, Daniel F. Sauer, Mischa Bonn, Petra Wendler, Thomas Hellweg, André Beyer, Armin Gölzhäuser, Ulrich Schwaneberg, Ulrich Glebe, Alexander Böker

Small· Volume 17· Issue 46
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Abstract

Abstract Filtration through membranes with nanopores is typically associated with high transmembrane pressures and high energy consumption. This problem can be addressed by reducing the respective membrane thickness. Here, a simple procedure is described to prepare ultrathin membranes based on protein nanopores, which exhibit excellent water permeance, two orders of magnitude superior to comparable, industrially applied membranes. Furthermore, incorporation of either closed or open protein nanopores allows tailoring the membrane's ion permeability. To form such membranes, the transmembrane protein ferric hydroxamate uptake protein component A (FhuA) or its open‐pore variant are assembled at the air–water interface of a Langmuir trough, compressed to a dense film, crosslinked by glutaraldehyde, and transferred to various support materials. This approach allows to prepare monolayer or multilayer membranes with a very high density of protein nanopores. Freestanding membranes covering holes up to 5 μm in diameter are visualized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), helium ion microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. AFM PeakForce quantitative nanomechanical property mapping (PeakForce QNM) demonstrates remarkable mechanical stability and elastic properties of freestanding monolayer membranes with a thickness of only 5 nm. The new protein membrane can pave the way to energy‐efficient nanofiltration.
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Research context

Nanomaterials

OpenAlex topics: Nanopore and Nanochannel Transport Studies · Membrane Separation Technologies · Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP Geiselbergstr. 69 14476 Potsdam‐Golm Germany

Polymer Engineering/Polymer Physics Berlin Institute of Technology (TU Berlin) Ernst‐Reuter‐Platz 1 10587 Berlin Germany

Chair of Polymer Materials and Polymer Technologies Institute of Chemistry University of Potsdam Karl‐Liebknecht‐Str. 24–25 14476 Potsdam‐Golm Germany

Physics of Supramolecular Systems and Surfaces Faculty of Physics Bielefeld University Universitätsstr. 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany

Department of Physical and Biophysical Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Bielefeld University Universitätsstr. 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany

Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany

Institute of Biotechnology RWTH Aachen University Worringer Weg 3 52074 Aachen Germany

Department of Biochemistry University of Potsdam Karl‐Liebknecht‐Str. 24–25 14476 Potsdam‐Golm Germany

Synchrotron SOLEIL L'Orme des Merisiers BP48, Gif‐Sur‐Yvette Saint‐Aubin 91192 France

DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e.V. Forckenbeckstr. 50 52056 Aachen Germany

Funding

Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung · Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

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