A Soft and Robust Liquid Metal Textile Platform for Versatile Bioelectronic Applications

ABSTRACT Wearable bioelectronic systems are rapidly emerging as a core technological platform for next‐generation health monitoring, neuromodulation, and human–machine interaction. These applications impose stringent demands on materials, including softness, high electrical conductivity, conformal skin contact, and long‐term durability. In this work, we present an ultrathin, highly customizable, and encapsulation‐free smart textile platform based on a liquid metal (LM) and waterborne polyurethane composite. The conductive patterns are fabricated via laser pre‐patterning and a one‐step heat‐transfer printing process, without the need for additional adhesives or encapsulation layers, enabling high‐resolution integration with textile substrates. The resulting fabric electrodes exhibit outstanding initial conductivity, excellent mechanical stretchability, and robust wash durability over multiple laundering cycles. This textile platform supports a wide range of bioelectronic functionalities, including high‐fidelity electrocardiogram (ECG) signal acquisition, rapid and tunable Joule heating for wearable warming applications, lightweight neural network‐based gesture recognition (ten classes), and electrical stimulation for pain relief or functional therapy. Together, these results offer a unified, multifunctional platform for next‐generation wearable devices and intelligent textile systems.