journal article·2026-02Open access

Hydrogen ‐Bonding and π–π Stacking Stabilized Two‐Dimensional Organic Supramolecular Cathode for Lean‐Aqueous Zinc‐Organic Batteries

Yu Zhang, Yi Li, Shunyu Yao, Noreen Ali, Xirui Kong, Ben Chong, Feng Li, Jiulin Wang

Small· Volume 22· Issue 9

Abstract

ABSTRACT Rechargeable zinc‐ion batteries (RZIBs) represent a promising solution for large‐scale energy storage due to the abundant availability, low cost, and high theoretical capacity of zinc. However, current RZIBs face significant challenges, including the lack of reliable cathode materials and limited anode cycle life, primarily due to the use of aqueous electrolytes. Existing cathode materials are hindered by issues such as limited capacity, slow kinetics, and poor cycle stability. In this study, we present an organic cathode material, benzo[i]benzo[6,7]quinoxalino[2,3‐a]benzo[6,7]quinoxalino[2,3‐c]phenazine‐5,8,13,16,21,24‐hexaone (TBQPH), and apply it in the cathode of an organic zinc‐organic battery. The twelve‐electron transfer mechanism provides a high reversible capacity, with TBQPH delivering a capacity of 205 mAh g −1 at a current density of 0.1C. Furthermore, the intermolecular hydrogen bonding network and π–π stacking interactions within TBQPH confer robust structural stability and low solubility, and with the organic electrolyte relieving the zinc anode pressure, TBQPH||Zn system achieves an exceptional cycle life of 7000 cycles. In‐situ and ex‐situ characterizations reveal that Zn 2+ serves as the charge carriers, reversibly coordinating and dissociating with the C═N and C═O bonds in TBQPH during cycling. This work provides valuable insights for the design of high‐performance organic cathode materials and the development of long‐life batteries.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Advanced battery technologies research · Advancements in Battery Materials · Synthesis and Properties of Aromatic Compounds

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources College of Chemistry Xinjiang University Urumqi Xinjiang China

Department of Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai People's Republic of China

Shenyang National Laboratory For Materials Science Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang People's Republic of China

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China · Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

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