Ultralarge Spin Hall Angle via TiO ₂ Nanocluster‐Mediated Side‐Jump Scattering

Abstract Spin‐orbit torque (SOT) enables efficient magnetization switching via the spin Hall effect in heavy metals, yet existing materials face tradeoffs between spin Hall angle, conductivity, and process compatibility. Here, W _{1− x} (TiO ₂ ) _x nanocomposites are reported by incorporating TiO ₂ nanoclusters into the β‐phase W, achieving a maximum spin Hall angle of −1.66 and damping‐like SOT efficiency of −0.94, representing 114% enhancement over pure W. By theoretically separating the contributions of the intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms of the spin Hall effect, the enhancement of spin−orbit torque efficiency originates from substantial side jump induced by TiO ₂ nanoclusters. Current‐induced magnetization switching of W _0.88 (TiO ₂ ) _0.12 demonstrates ultralow critical density (1.78 × 10 ⁶ A cm ⁻² ). Combined with its cost‐effectiveness and low power consumption, these results position W _0.88 (TiO ₂ ) _0.12 as a promising candidate to replace conventional β‐W in industrial SOT‐magnetic random‐access memory applications.