journal article·2026-03Open access

Non‐Axial Stress Orbital Interaction Induced Degradation Anisotropy in Layered Electrodes via MEMS chip‐based in situ TEM Investigation

Manling Xiong, Zenan Xu, Zichi Chen, Gustaaf Van Tendeloo, Congli Sun

Small· Volume 22· Issue 13

Abstract

ABSTRACT The structural degradation remains a critical bottleneck in Mn‐based layered cathodes due to strong Mn distortion and dissolution. While internal stresses are always associated with the intrinsic planar instability and are generally believed to exacerbate the octahedral distortion, our non‐axial pre‐bending strategy reveals a distinct stress‐orbital coupling that leads to an anisotropic degradation pathway with enhanced Mn stability. Through MEMS chip‐based in situ TEM studies, non‐axial stress is found to induce a counteractive lattice distortion that reduces the cooperative Jahn‐Teller effect by spatially decoupling axial and equatorial Mn─O bond deformations. As a result, the emergence of degenerate electronic ground states is suppressed, leading to reduced lattice distortion and enhanced kinetic stability. This work establishes a dedicated relationship between non‐axial stress and orbital coupling, thereby offering a stress‐orbital interaction strategy for designing stable layered cathodes.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Advancements in Battery Materials · Graphene research and applications · Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication

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Affiliations

International School of Materials Science and Engineering Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan China

NRC (Nanostructure Research Centre) Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan China

EMAT (Electron Microscopy for Materials Science) University of Antwerp Antwerpen Belgium

Funding

Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province · Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities

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