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journal article·2026-02Open access

Tunable Multimetallic Single‐Atom Catalysts for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

Jeong Eun An, Irtiqa Mishal, Doyeon Kim, Junaid Ihsan, Jun Hyeok Choi, Youn Jun Choi, Ji‐In Park, Hee‐Suk Chung, Junsu Park, Kug‐Seung Lee, Gianvito Vilé, In Hye Kwak, Ik Seon Kwon, Jeunghee Park

Small· Volume 22· Issue 8
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Abstract

Abstract Designing single‐atom catalysts (SACs) with various metal atoms can significantly expand their range of applications. In this study, a scalable strategy is developed to synthesize a series of transition metal (TM = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu) SACs with widely tunable compositions, progressing from unitary to binary (CoNi), ternary (MnCoNi), quaternary (MnFeCoNi), and quinary (MnFeCoNiCu) atoms. High loadings of TM atoms (>10 wt%) are successfully embedded in porous N‐doped carbon nanoparticle supports derived from pyrolyzed zeolitic imidazole frameworks (ZIF‐8). All SACs feature a TM–N 4 coordination structure. Among them, the MnCoNi ternary composition exhibited the greatest synergistic effect, enhancing electrocatalytic activity toward the alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Ex situ X‐ray absorption fine structure data indicate that the multicomponent SACs facilitates more efficient electrolyte adsorption, thereby accelerating the HER kinetics.
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Research context

Energy storageNanomaterialsCatalysis & surfaces

OpenAlex topics: Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion · Metalloenzymes and iron-sulfur proteins · Catalysis for Biomass Conversion

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry Korea University Sejong 30019 Republic of Korea

Division of Chemical and Material Metrology Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea

Research Center for Materials Analysis Korea Basic Science Institute Daejeon 34133 Republic of Korea

School of Mechanical Engineering Kunsan National University 558 Daehak‐ro Gunsan‐si Jeonbuk State 54150 Republic of Korea

Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL) Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea

Department of Chemistry Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta" Politecnico di Milano Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32 Milano 20133 Italy

Department of Energy Science & Engineering Kunsan National University 558 Daehak‐ro Gunsan‐si Jeonbuk State 54150 Republic of Korea

Funding

Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea

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