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journal article·2025-08Open access

Plasmonic Mesoporous Gold‐Based SERS Biosensor for Ovarian Cancer‐Derived Extracellular Vesicles

Javeria Bashir, Mostafa Kamal Masud, Asep Sugih Nugraha, Chia‐Hung Liu, Arya Vasanth, Aditya Ashok, S M Azad Hossain, Emtiaz Ahmed, Tanja Pejovic, Terry Morgan, John Hooper, Andrew Lai, Dominic Guanzon, Yusuf Valentino Kaneti, Md Shahriar A. Hossain, Carlos Salomon, Yusuke Yamauchi

Small· Volume 21· Issue 34
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Abstract

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipids bilayer‐delimited particles carrying bioactive molecules such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, reflecting the physiological state of their origin. Found in biofluids like saliva, urine, blood, and peritoneal fluid, EVs serve as promising minimally invasive biomarkers for several conditions including cancer. However, achieving high sensitivity and specificity in EV detection remains technically challenging. Placental Alkaline Phosphatase (PLAP), an enzyme primarily expressed in the placenta during pregnancy, has emerged as a clinically relevant biomarker in gynecological malignancies, including ovarian cancer (OC). In this study, a nanoengineered mesoporous gold (mAu)‐based Surface‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) platform is reported for the rapid and ultrasensitive detection of PLAP‐positive EVs in OC patients. The mAu offers high surface roughness, enabling numerous localized plasmonic hotspots that amplify Raman signals and improve probe and antibody loading. This allowed the detection of as few as 100 EVs mL−1 with excellent reproducibility (RSD < 5%,n = 3). In clinical validation (n = 30), the assay achieved 90% sensitivity (95% CI: 60%–100%) and 85% specificity (95% CI: 15%–100%) in distinguishing OC patients from those with benign and healthy controls, demonstrating superior performance compared to CA‐125. The mAu‐SERS platform shows considerable promise as a minimally invasive and clinically applicable diagnostic strategy for OC, especially for differential diagnosis for their ability to distingluis between benign and OC conditions.
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Research context

NanomaterialsBiomaterials

OpenAlex topics: Extracellular vesicles in disease · Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and Applications · Advanced Nanomaterials in Catalysis

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering Faculty of Engineering Architecture, and Information Technology (EAIT) The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia

Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia

TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney and Department of Urology School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University 250 Wu‐Hsing Street Taipei 11031 Taiwan

Department of Urology Shuang Ho Hospital Taipei Medical University 291 Zhongzheng Road, Zhonghe District New Taipei City 23561 Taiwan

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Oregon Health & Science University Portland OR 97239‐3098 USA

Department of Pathology Oregon Health & Science University Portland OR 97239‐3098 USA

Mater Research Institute The University of Queensland South Brisbane Queensland 4101 Australia

Translational Extracellular Vesicles in Obstetrics and Gynae‐Oncology Group UQ Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR) Faculty of Medicine, and UQ Centre for Extracellular Vesicle Nanomedicine The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland 4029 Australia

Department of Materials Process Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Nagoya 464‐8603 Japan

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Yonsei University 50 Yonseiro, Seodaemun‐gu Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea

Funding

National Health and Medical Research Council · Ovarian Cancer Research Foundation · Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology

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