Versatile Design of Functional Organic–Inorganic 3D‐Printed (Opto)Electronic Interfaces with Custom Catalytic Activity

Abstract The ability to combine organic and inorganic components in a single material represents a great step toward the development of advanced (opto)electronic systems. Nowadays, 3D‐printing technology has generated a revolution in the rapid prototyping and low‐cost fabrication of 3D‐printed electronic devices. However, a main drawback when using 3D‐printed transducers is the lack of robust functionalization methods for tuning their capabilities. Herein, a simple, general and robust in situ functionalization approach is reported to tailor the capabilities of 3D‐printed nanocomposite carbon/polymer electrode (3D‐nCE) surfaces with a battery of functional inorganic nanoparticles (FINPs), which are appealing active units for electronic, optical and catalytic applications. The versatility of the resulting functional organic–inorganic 3D‐printed electronic interfaces is provided in different pivotal areas of electrochemistry, including i) electrocatalysis, ii) bio‐electroanalysis, iii) energy (storage and conversion), and iv) photoelectrochemical applications. Overall, the synergism of combining the transducing characteristics of 3D‐nCEs with the implanted tuning surface capabilities of FINPs leads to new/enhanced electrochemical performances when compared to their bare 3D‐nCE counterparts. Accordingly, this work elucidates that FINPs have much to offer in the field of 3D‐printing technology and provides the bases toward the green fabrication of functional organic–inorganic 3D‐printed (opto)electronic interfaces with custom catalytic activity.