DataVXACS NanoPaper
journal article·2018-10-23Open access

MXene Sorbents for Removal of Urea from Dialysate: A Step toward the Wearable Artificial Kidney

Fayan Meng, Mykola Seredych, Chi Chen, Victor Gura, Sergey Mikhalovsky, Susan Sandeman, Ganesh Ingavle, Tochukwu Ozulumba, Ling Miao, Babak Anasori, Yury Gogotsi

ACS Nano· Volume 12· Issue 10
Publisher pageOpen full text
Source abstract

Abstract

The wearable artificial kidney can deliver continuous ambulatory dialysis for more than 3 million patients with end-stage renal disease. However, the efficient removal of urea is a key challenge in miniaturizing the device and making it light and small enough for practical use. Here, we show that two-dimensional titanium carbide (MXene) with the composition of Ti3C2Tx, where Tx represents surface termination groups such as −OH, −O–, and −F, can adsorb urea, reaching 99% removal efficiency from aqueous solution and 94% from dialysate at the initial urea concentration of 30 mg/dL, with the maximum urea adsorption capacity of 10.4 mg/g at room temperature. When tested at 37 °C, we achieved a 2-fold increase in urea removal efficiency from dialysate, with the maximum urea adsorption capacity of 21.7 mg/g. Ti3C2Tx showed good hemocompatibility; it did not induce cell apoptosis or reduce the metabolizing cell fraction, indicating no impact on cell viability at concentrations of up to 200 μg/mL. The biocompatibility of Ti3C2Tx and its selectivity for urea adsorption from dialysate open a new opportunity in designing a miniaturized dialysate regeneration system for a wearable artificial kidney.
Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline

Research context

Biomaterials

OpenAlex topics: MXene and MAX Phase Materials · Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications · Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute, and Materials Science and Engineering Department, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States

Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People’s Republic of China

School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, People’s Republic of China

Cedars Sinai Medical Center, The David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, 50 North la Cienega Boulevard, Suite 310, Beverly Hills, California 90211, United States

Biomaterials and Medical Devices Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Huxley Building, Lewes Road, Brighton, East Sussex BN2 4GJ, U.K.

ANAMAD Ltd, Sussex Innovation Centre, Science Park Square, Brighton BN1 9SB, U.K.

Symbiosis Centre for Stem Cell Research, Symbiosis International University, Lavale, Pune 412115, India

Funding

Department for Business, Innovation and Skills · British Council · China Scholarship Council

References (41)

Show source-provided references
1. 2013
2. 10.1056/NEJMoa100159310.1056/NEJMoa1001593 ↗
3. 10.1038/nrneph.2016.10010.1038/nrneph.2016.100 ↗
4. Kolff W. J. · Kidney Int. Supp. · 1976 · S300
5. 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61864-910.1016/S0140-6736(07)61864-9 ↗
6. 10.1159/00008569410.1159/000085694 ↗
7. 10.2215/CJN.0279040910.2215/CJN.02790409 ↗
8. 10.1172/jci.insight.8639710.1172/jci.insight.86397 ↗
9. 10.1038/sj.ki.500271110.1038/sj.ki.5002711 ↗
10. 10.1021/jp066474n10.1021/jp066474n ↗
11. Gordon A. · Kidney Int. Supp · 1976 · S277
12. 10.1002/adma.20110230610.1002/adma.201102306 ↗
13. 10.1038/natrevmats.2016.9810.1038/natrevmats.2016.98 ↗
14. 10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b0284710.1021/acs.chemmater.7b02847 ↗
15. 10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b0425010.1021/acs.chemmater.5b04250 ↗
16. 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b0073710.1021/acs.nanolett.5b00737 ↗
17. 10.1039/C6CP00330C10.1039/C6CP00330C ↗
18. 10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.11.08910.1016/j.apsusc.2015.11.089 ↗
19. 10.1038/nature1397010.1038/nature13970 ↗
20. 10.1038/ncomms266410.1038/ncomms2664 ↗
21. 10.1039/C4TA02638A10.1039/C4TA02638A ↗
22. 10.1002/adma.20150060410.1002/adma.201500604 ↗
23. 10.1039/C5DT01247C10.1039/C5DT01247C ↗
24. 10.1021/acsnano.5b0359110.1021/acsnano.5b03591 ↗
25. 10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b0241910.1021/acs.jpcc.7b02419 ↗
26. 10.1021/ja01024a02710.1021/ja01024a027 ↗
27. 10.1021/j100135a01310.1021/j100135a013 ↗
28. 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00013.200710.1152/physiolgenomics.00013.2007 ↗
29. 10.1038/nprot.2010.8010.1038/nprot.2010.80 ↗
30. Jung D. · Clin. Chem. · 1975 · 21 · 113610.1093/clinchem/21.8.1136 ↗
31. 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.07.04910.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.07.049 ↗
32. 10.1155/2013/37583010.1155/2013/375830 ↗
33. 10.1039/C6RA27924D10.1039/C6RA27924D ↗
34. 10.1021/jacs.8b0591310.1021/jacs.8b05913 ↗
35. 10.1039/C6NR01462C10.1039/C6NR01462C ↗
36. 10.1016/j.tca.2004.05.01810.1016/j.tca.2004.05.018 ↗
37. 10.1016/j.micromeso.2005.03.01810.1016/j.micromeso.2005.03.018 ↗
38. Bansal R. C. · 1988
39. 10.1126/science.aag242110.1126/science.aag2421 ↗
40. 10.1063/1.492964010.1063/1.4929640 ↗
41. 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.10.03310.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.10.033 ↗