Hierarchical Ti₃C₂T_x MXene/Ni Chain/ZnO Array Hybrid Nanostructures on Cotton Fabric for Durable Self-Cleaning and Enhanced Microwave Absorption

The increasing demand for wearable electronics and the intensification of electromagnetic pollution have boosted the exploration of high-performance flexible microwave absorption (MA) materials. Herein, the hierarchical Ti3C2Tx MXene/Ni chain/ZnO array hybrid nanostructures are rationally constructed on cotton fabric for acquiring enhanced MA performance and durable self-cleaning ability. Based on the high dielectric loss capacity of MXenes and ZnO arrays, by controlling dip-coating numbers of Ni chains, the magnetic loss can be manipulated to modulate the impedance matching, reflection loss (RL), and effective absorption bandwidth (EAB, the bandwidth of RL < −10 dB). The minimum RL value of the designed fabric can reach −35.1 dB at 8.3 GHz with a thickness of 2.8 mm, and its EAB can cover the whole X-band with only a 2.2 mm thickness. In addition, the designed fabric also exhibits superior liquid repellency and durable self-cleaning ability due to the combination of the hybrid nanostructures and a superhydrophobic coating. This work provides an insight for rational design of textile-based MA materials, showing potential applications in flexible and wearable functional electronics.