journal article·2020-09-08

Cholesteryl Ester Liquid Crystal Nanofibers for Tissue Engineering Applications

Amir Nasajpour, Azadeh Mostafavi, Adrian Chlanda, Chiara Rinoldi, Sina Sharifi, Matthew S. Ji, Matthew Ye, Steven J. Jonas, Wojciech Swieszkowski, Paul S. Weiss, Ali Khademhosseini, Ali Tamayol

ACS Materials Letters· Volume 2· Issue 9
Publisher page

Abstract

Liquid-crystal-based biomaterials provide promising platforms for the development of dynamic and responsive interfaces for tissue engineering. Cholesteryl ester liquid crystals (CLCs) are particularly well suited for these applications, due to their roles in cellular homeostasis and their intrinsic ability to organize into supramolecular helicoidal structures on the mesoscale. Here, we developed a nonwoven CLC electrospun scaffold by dispersing three cholesteryl ester-based mesogens within polycaprolactone (PCL). We tuned the ratio of our mesogens so that the CLC would be in the mesophase at the cell culture incubator temperature of 37 °C. In these scaffolds, the PCL polymer provided an elastic bulk matrix while the homogeneously dispersed CLC established a viscoelastic fluidlike interface. Atomic force microscopy revealed that the 50% (w/v) cholesteryl ester liquid crystal scaffold (CLC-S) exhibited a mesophase with topographic striations typical of liquid crystals. Additionally, the CLC-S favorable wettability and ultrasoft fiber mechanics enhanced cellular attachment and proliferation. Increasing the CLC concentration within the composites enhanced myoblast adhesion strength promoted myofibril formation in vitro with mouse myoblast cell lines.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Advanced Materials and Mechanics · Liquid Crystal Research Advancements · Connective tissue disorders research

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Affiliations

California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States

Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Los Angeles 90095, United States

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States

Materials Design Division, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 141 Woloska Str., 02-507 Warsaw, Poland

Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States

Department of Pediatrics, Eli & Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Children’s Discovery and Innovation Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States

Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States

Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States

Department of Radiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States

Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, California 90049, United States

Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, United States

Funding

NIH Office of the Director · National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute · National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research · National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering · National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases · National Institute of General Medical Sciences · National Centre for Research and Development

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