Challenges and Perspectives of Interfacial Issues in Solid-State Li/Na–Organic Batteries

Solid-state Li/Na–organic batteries with stable solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) and high-capacity organic cathode materials (OCMs) have been regarded as one of the most promising next-generation energy storage systems. The utilization of SSEs resolves dissolution issues of OCMs, offering potential for high safety and energy density. However, interfacial issues such as loose contact, local stresses, and side reactions deteriorate battery performance. It is essential to summarize interfacial challenges. This perspective provides a review of interfacial issues, solutions, and development trends for solid-state Li/Na–organic batteries. First, we analyze incompatibility problems within interfaces. Second, at both cathode–SSEs and anode–SSEs interfaces, we summarize physical and chemical/electrochemical factors influencing compatibility. Finally, we offer perspectives on interfacial studies. Future works should focus on utilizing advanced characterization techniques to perform in situ observation of physical, chemical properties, and interphase evolution. This work underscores the importance of interfacial compatibility and provides insights for constructing high-performance solid-state Li/Na–organic batteries.