journal article·2026-01-23Open access

Preparation and characterization of konjac glucomannan/corn starch composite film containing bacteriocin garviecin LG34 as a novel antimicrobial packaging film

Dapeng Li, Yurong Gao

Abstract

Abstract A novel antimicrobial packaging film containing konjac glucomannan, corn starch, and garviecin LG34 was prepared and its mechanical, physical, and antibacterial properties were investigated. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra indicated that an interaction was produced between the functional groups in konjac glucomannan or corn starch and groups in garviecin LG34. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed that the incorporation of garviecin LG34 made the network more orderly and decreased crystallinity. SEM analysis showed that garviecin LG34 significantly improved the surface state and made the surface flatter and smoother. The crystallinity decreased due to disruption of ordered starch domains caused by intermolecular interactions, and FTIR suggested possible intermolecular interactions, likely hydrogen bonding. Incorporation of garviecin LG34 significantly improved the thermal stability of composite film, and the T 10 % and the residual weight at 600 °C respectively increased by 38.23 % and 205.13 % when 6 % garviecin LG34 was added. The increase in heat stability suggested garviecin LG34, which could be inserted into the film structure, may serve as a mass tranfer barrier or thermal insulator in the composite film. When the addition amount of garviecin LG34 was increased from 0 % to 6 %, the breaking elongation, swelling degree and water solubility decreased by 16.65 %, 26.22 % and 28.71 %, and the tensile strength increased by 49.42 %. The konjac glucomannan/corn starch composite film containing garviecin LG34 not only inhibited gram-positive foodborne pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus but also Gram-negative Salmonella typhimurium . The konjac glucomannan, corn starch, and garviecin LG34 composite film can served as a novel broad spectrum antimicrobial packaging material cantainning natural antimicrobial peptide and safty for application in the food industry.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging · Polysaccharides Composition and Applications · Advanced Cellulose Research Studies

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

School of Biological and Environmental Engineering , Chaohu University , Chaohu , China

Chaohu Regional Collaborative Technology Service Center for Rural Revitalization , Bantang Road No. 1, Chaohu Economic Development Zone , Hefei , 238024 , China

References (56)

Show source-provided references
1. Han, W, Yu, Y, Li, N, Wang, L. Application and safety assessment for nano composite materials in food packaging. Chin Sci Bull 2011;56:1216–25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-010-4326-6.10.1007/s11434-010-4326-6 ↗
2. Ribeiro, AM, Estevinho, BN, Rocha, F. Preparation and incorporation of functional ingredients in edible films and coatings. Food Bioprocess Technol 2021;14:209–31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-020-02528-4.10.1007/s11947-020-02528-4 ↗
3. Mayilswamy, N, Kandasubramanian, B. Green composites prepared from soy protein, polylactic acid (PLA), starch, cellulose, chitin: a review. Emerg Mater 2022;5:727–53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42247-022-00354-2.10.1007/s42247-022-00354-2 ↗
4. Díaz-Montes, E, Castro-Muñoz, R. Edible films and coatings as food-quality preservers: an overview. Foods 2021;10:249. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10020249.10.3390/foods10020249 ↗
5. Mohamed, SA, El-Sakhawy, M, El-Sakhawy, MAM. Polysaccharides, protein and lipid-based natural edible films in food packaging: a review. Carbohyd Polym 2020;238:116178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116178.10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116178 ↗
6. Roy, S, Rhim, JW. Preparation of carbohydrate-based funcional composite films incorporated with curcumin. Food Hydrocoll 2020;98:105302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.105302.10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.105302 ↗
7. Suriyatem, R, Auras, RA, Rachtanapun, P. Utilization of carboxymethyl cellulose from durian rind agricultural waste to improve physical properties and stability of rice starch-based film. J Polym Environ 2019;27:286–98. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-018-1343-z.10.1007/s10924-018-1343-z ↗
8. Dash, KK, Ali, NA, Das, D, Mohanta, D. Thorough evaluation of sweet potato starch and lemon-waste pectin based-edible films with nano-titania inclusions for food packaging applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2019;139:449–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.07.193.10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.07.193 ↗
9. Cheng, Y, Sun, C, Zhai, X, Zhang, R, Zhang, S, Sun, C, et al.. Effect of lipids with different physical state on the physicochemical properties of starch/gelatin edible films prepared by extrusion blowing. Int J Biol Macromol 2021;185:1005–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.203.10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.203 ↗
10. Chiumarelli, M, Hubinger, MD. Stability, solubility, mechanical and barrier properties of cassava starch-Carnauba wax edible coatings to preserve fresh-cut apples. Food Hydrocoll 2012;28:59–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2011.12.006.10.1016/j.foodhyd.2011.12.006 ↗
11. Ochoa, TA, García Almendárez, BE, Reyes, AA, Rivera Pastrana, DM, López, GFG, Belloso, OM, et al.. Design and characterization of corn starch edible films including beeswax and natural antimicrobials. Food Bioprocess Technol 2017;10:103–14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-016-1800-4.10.1007/s11947-016-1800-4 ↗
12. Hasan, M, Khaldun, I, Zatya, I, Rusman, R, Nasir, M. Facile fabrication and characterization of an economical active packaging film based on corn starch–chitosan biocomposites incorporated with clove oil. J Food Meas Char 2023;17:306–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-022-01616-7.10.1007/s11694-022-01616-7 ↗
13. Wardak, MH, Kingwascharapong, P, Aryan, S, Tanaka, F, Tanaka, F. Preparation and characterization of corn starch-based film: effect of citric acid or sunflower oil and its combination. J Food Meas Char 2021;15:1907–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-020-00786-6.10.1007/s11694-020-00786-6 ↗
14. Yang, J, Xiao, J, Ding, L. An investigation into the application of konjac glucomannan as a flavor encapsulant. Eur Food Res Tech 2009;229:467–74. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-009-1084-2.10.1007/s00217-009-1084-2 ↗
15. Das, A, Ringu, T, Ghosh, S, Pramanik, N. A comprehensive review on recent advances in preparation, physicochemical characterization, and bioengineering applications of biopolymers. Polym Bull 2023;80:7247–312. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-022-04443-4.10.1007/s00289-022-04443-4 ↗
16. Ma, S, Zhu, P, Wang, M. Effects of konjac glucomannan on pasting and rheological properties of corn starch. Food Hydrocoll 2019;89:234–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2018.10.045.10.1016/j.foodhyd.2018.10.045 ↗
17. Ning, Y, Cui, B, Yuan, C. Decreasing the digestibility of debranched corn starch by encapsulation with konjac glucomannan. Food Hydrocoll 2020;107:105966. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.105966.10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.105966 ↗
18. Zou, Y, Yuan, C, Cui, B, Liu, P, Wu, Z, Zhao, H. Formation of high amylose corn starch/konjac glucomannan composite film with improved mechanical and barrier properties. Carbohydr Polym 2021;251:117039. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117039.10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117039 ↗
19. Li, B, Xu, Z, Xie, BJ. Preparation and temperature effect on the swelling behavior of konjac glucomannan-methylcellulose blend film. Eur Food Res Tech 2006;223:132–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-005-0166-z.10.1007/s00217-005-0166-z ↗
20. Brenner, T, Wang, Z, Achayuthakan, P, Nakajima, T, Nishinari, K. Rheology and synergy of j-carrageenan/locust bean gum/konjac glucomannan gels. Carbohydr Polym 2013;98:754–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.04.020.10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.04.020 ↗
21. Jiang, L, Wang, F, Xie, C, Xie, X, Meng, X, Zhang, H. High-amylose corn starch/konjac glucomannan composite films incorporating nano TiO2 and pomegranate peel extract and their application as coatings on Agaricus bisporus. J Polym Environ 2022;30:4550–61. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-022-02498-y.10.1007/s10924-022-02498-y ↗
22. Zou, Y, Yuan, C, Cui, B, Sha, H, Liu, P, Lu, L, et al.. High amylose corn starch/konjac glucomannan composite film: rein forced by incorporating β-cyclodextrin. J Agric Food Chem 2021;69:2493–500. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.0c06648.10.1021/acs.jafc.0c06648 ↗
23. Marvdashti, LM, Koocheki, A, Yavarmanesh, M. Characterization, release profile and antimicrobial properties of bioactive polyvinyl alcohol-alyssum homolocarpum seed gum-nisin composite film. Food Biophys 2019;14:120–31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11483-018-09562-y.10.1007/s11483-018-09562-y ↗
24. da Rosa, GS, Vanga, SK, Gariepy, Y, Raghavan, V. Development of biodegradable films with improved antioxidant properties based on the addition of carrageenan containing olive leaf extract for food packaging applications. J Polym Environ 2020;28:123–30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-019-01589-7.10.1007/s10924-019-01589-7 ↗
25. Abdollahzadeh, E, Nematollahi, A, Hosseini, H. Composition of antimicrobial edible films and methods for assessing their antimicrobial activity: a review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021;110:291–303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2021.01.084.10.1016/j.tifs.2021.01.084 ↗
26. Chawla, R, Sivakumar, S, Kaur, H. Antimicrobial edible films in food packaging: current scenario and recent nanotechnological advancements-a review. Carbohydr Polym Technol Appl 2021;2:100024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carpta.2020.100024.10.1016/j.carpta.2020.100024 ↗
27. Luz, C, Calpe, J, Saladino, F, Luciano, FB, Fernandez-Franzón, M, Mañes, J, et al.. Antimicrobial packaging based on e polylysine bioactive film for the control of mycotoxigenic fungi in vitro and in bread. J Food Process Preserv 2018;42:13370. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.13370.10.1111/jfpp.13370 ↗
28. Quichaba, MB, Moreira, TFM, de Oliveira, A, de Carvalho, AS, de Menezes, JL, Gonçalves, OH, et al.. Biopreservatives against foodborne bacteria: combined effect of nisin and nanoncapsulated curcumin and co-encapsulation of nisin and curcumin. J Food Sci Tech 2023;60:581–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-022-05641-8.10.1007/s13197-022-05641-8 ↗
29. Kowalczyk, D, Karaś, M, Kordowska-Wiater, M, Skrzypek, T, Kazimierczak, W. Inherently acidic films based on chitosan lactate-doped starches and pullulan as carries of nisin: a comparative study of controlled-release and antimicrobial properties. Food Chem 2023;404:134760. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134760.10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134760 ↗
30. Song, X, Wang, X, Zhang, H, Zhang, D, Li, Z, Wang, HJ, et al.. Characterization of polysaccharide-based antibacterial films properties of loaded with nisin and preservation of fresh-cut watermelon. Food Sci Technology 2023;43:e127522. https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.127522.10.1590/fst.127522 ↗
31. Hegde, D, Suprabha, BS, Ginjupalli, K, Suman, E, Natarajan, S, Shenoy, R, et al.. Addition of nisin to high-viscosity glass-ionomer cement: a comparative in vitro study on antibacterial and physical properties. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2024;25:523–32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-024-00910-w.10.1007/s40368-024-00910-w ↗
32. Gao, Y, Li, D, Liu, S, Zhang, L. Garviecin LG34, a novel bacteriocin produced by Lactococcus garvieae isolated from traditional Chinese fermented cucumber. Food Control 2015;50:896–900. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.10.040.10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.10.040 ↗
33. Gao, Y, Li, D. Antibacterial mode of action of garviecin LG34 against Gram-negative bacterium Salmonella typhimurium. FEMS (Fed Eur Microbiol Soc) Microbiol Lett 2024;371:66. https://doi.org/10.1093/femsle/fnae066.10.1093/femsle/fnae066 ↗
34. Gao, Y, Li, D. Preparation and characterization of corn starch/PVA/glycerolcomposite films incorporated with ε-polylysine as a novel antimicrobial packaging material. E-Polymers 2020;20:154–61.10.1515/epoly-2020-0019 ↗
35. Meira, SMM, Zehetmeyer, G, Jardim, AI, Scheibel, J, Oliveira, RVB, Brandelli, A. Polypropylene/montmorillonite nanocomposites containing nisin as antimicrobial food packaging. Food Bioprocess Technol 2014;7:3349–57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-014-1335-5.10.1007/s11947-014-1335-5 ↗
36. Cheetham, NWH, Tao, L. Variation in crystalline type with amylose content in maize starch granules: an X-ray powder diffraction study. Carbohydr Polym 1998;36:277–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0144-8617(98)00007-1.10.1016/S0144-8617(98)00007-1 ↗
37. ASTM. Standard test method for tensile properties of thin plastic sheeting. D882. In: Annual book of ASTM standards, annual book of ASTM standards. West Conshohocken, WC: American Society for Testing and Materials; 2018.
38. Amalraj, A, Jithin Raj, KK, Haponiuk, JT, Thomas, S, Gopi, S. Preparation, characterization, and antimicrobial activity of chitosan/gum arabic/polyethylene glycol composite films incorporated with black pepper essential oil and ginger essential oil as potential packaging and wound dressing materials. Adv Compos Hybrid Mater 2020;3:485–97. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42114-020-00178-w.10.1007/s42114-020-00178-w ↗
39. ASTM. Standard test method for determining the antimicrobial activity of immobilized antimicrobial agents under dynamic contact conditions E2149-01. In: Annual book of ASTM standards, annual book of ASTM standards. West Conshohocken, WC: American Society for Testing and Materials; 2001.
40. Ngo, DQ, Nguyen, TC, Nguyen, TD, Phung, TL, Vu, QT, Thai, H. A novel biopolymer nano-complex based on fish scale collagen, konjac glucomannan, camellia chrysantha polyphenols and ginsenoside Rb1: preparation, characterization and its bioactivity. J Polym Environ 2021;29:2150–63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-020-02022-0.10.1007/s10924-020-02022-0 ↗
41. Ardekani, NT, Khorram, M, Zomorodian, K, Yazdanpanah, S, Veisi, H, Veisi, H. Evaluation of electrospun poly (vinyl alcohol)-based nanofiber mats incorporated with Zataria multiflora essential oil as potential wound dressing. Int J Biol Macromol 2019;125:743–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.085.10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.085 ↗
42. Mohammadian, M, Moghaddam, AD, Sharifan, A, Dabaghi, P, Hadi, S. Structural, physico-mechanical, and bio-functional properties of whey protein isolate-based edible films as affected by enriching with nettle (Urtica dioica L.) leaf extract. J Food Meas Char 2021;15:4051–60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-021-00988-6.10.1007/s11694-021-00988-6 ↗
43. Ren, L, Yan, X, Zhou, J, Tong, J, Su, X. Influence of chitosan concentration on mechanical and barrier properties of corn starch/chitosan films. Int J Biol Macromol 2017;105:1636–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.008.10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.008 ↗
44. Namazi, H, Dadkhah, A. Convenient method for preparation of hydrophobically modifed starch nanocrystals with using fatty acids. Carbohydr Polym 2010;79:731–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2009.09.033.10.1016/j.carbpol.2009.09.033 ↗
45. Zhu, H, Jia, S, Yang, H, Tang, W, Jia, Y, Tan, Z. Characterization of bacteriostatic sausage casing: a composite of bacterial cellulose embedded with ε-poly lysine. Food Sci Biotechnol 2010;19:1479–84. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-010-0211-y.10.1007/s10068-010-0211-y ↗
46. Wang, J, Chen, X, Zhang, C, Akbar, AR, Shi, Z, Yang, Q, et al.. Transparent konjac glucomannan/cellulose nanofibrilcomposite films with improved mechanical properties and thermal stability. Cellulose 2019;26:3155–65. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-019-02302-6.10.1007/s10570-019-02302-6 ↗
47. Li, Z, Zheng, S, Sun, H, Xi, R, Sun, Y, Luo, D, et al.. Structural characterization and antibacterial properties of konjac glucomannan/soluble green tea powder blend films for food packaging. J Food Sci Technol 2022;59:562–71. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-021-05041-4.10.1007/s13197-021-05041-4 ↗
48. Pour, ZS, Makvandi, P, Ghaemy, M. Performance properties and antibacterial activity of crosslinked films of quaternary ammonium modified starch and poly (vinyl alcohol). Int J Biol Macromol 2015;80:596–604. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.07.008.10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.07.008 ↗
49. Shi, R, Bi, J, Zhang, Z, Zhu, A, Chen, D, Zhou, X, et al.. The effect of citric acid on the structural properties and cytotoxicity of the polyvinyl alcohol/starch films when molding at high temperature. Carbohydr Polym 2008;74:763–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.04.045.10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.04.045 ↗
50. Rashidi, MJ, Nasiraie, LR, Zomorrodi, S, Jafarian. Development and characterization of novel active opopanax gum and gelatin bio-nanocomposite film containing zinc oxide nanoparticles and peppermint essential oil. J Food Meas Char 2023;17:1953–61. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-022-01744-0.10.1007/s11694-022-01744-0 ↗
51. Marand, SA, Khaledabad, MA, Almasi, H. Optimization and characterization of plantago major seed gum/nanoclay/foeniculum vulgare essential oil active nanocomposite films and their application in preservation of local butter. Food Bioprocess Technol 2021;14:2302–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-021-02724-w.10.1007/s11947-021-02724-w ↗
52. Mu, CD, Guo, JM, Li, XY, Lin, W, Li, DF. Preparation and properties of dialdehyde carboxymethyl cellulose crosslinked gelatin edible films. Food Hydrocoll 2012;27:22–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2011.09.005.10.1016/j.foodhyd.2011.09.005 ↗
53. Ge, L, Zhu, M, Xu, Y, Li, X, Li, D, Mu, C. Development of antimicrobial and controlled biodegradable gelatin-based edible films containing nisin and amino-functionalized montmorillonite. Food Bioprocess Technol 2017;10:1727–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-017-1941-0.10.1007/s11947-017-1941-0 ↗
54. Siripatrawan, U, Vitchayakitti, W. Improving functional properties of chitosan films as active food packaging by incorporating with propolis. Food Hydrocoll 2016;61:695–702. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2016.06.001.10.1016/j.foodhyd.2016.06.001 ↗
55. Guo, JM, Ge, LM, Li, XY, Mu, CD, Li, DF. Periodate oxidation of xanthan gum and its crosslinking effects on gelatin-based edible films. Food Hydrocoll 2014;39:243–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2014.01.026.10.1016/j.foodhyd.2014.01.026 ↗
56. Ko, S, Janes, ME, Hettiarachchy, NS, Johnson, MG. Physical and chemical properties of edible films containing nisin and their action against Listeria monocytogenes. J Food Sci 2001;66:1006–11. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2001.tb08226.x.10.1111/j.1365-2621.2001.tb08226.x ↗