Phase transformation and property improvement of Al–0.6Mg–0.5Si alloys by addition of rare-earth Y
Source abstract
Abstract
Abstract Al–0.6Mg–0.5Si (wt%) alloys with varying Y contents are prepared, and effects of Y on the microstructure, electrical conductivity, and mechanical properties are investigated. The results show that Al–0.6Mg–0.5Si alloys are refined by addition of Y, and the average grain size is refined from 254 to 168 μm with the addition of Y content from 0 to 0.4 wt%. Addition of Y can lead to the formation of the AlSiY phase and AlFeSiMgY mixed phase as Y can react with elements such as Fe and Si in the alloy. The electrical conductivity of Al–0.6Mg–0.5Si alloys initially increases and subsequently decreases with increasing Y content. The electrical conductivity reaches its highest value of 54.3% IACS by addition of 0.3 wt% Y, which is improved by 4% compared with that without addition of Y. The tensile strength increases with increasing Y content, and the highest value is 154 MPa by addition of Y with 0.4 wt%, which is improved by 12.4%. Elongation of alloys initially increases and subsequently decreases with increasing Y content. The strength improvement of Al–0.6Mg–0.5Si alloys is mainly attributed to grain refinement and precipitation of granular and short rod-like secondary phases caused by the addition of Y into Al–0.6Mg–0.5Si alloys.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Aluminum Alloy Microstructure Properties · Microstructure and mechanical properties · Aluminum Alloys Composites Properties
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
School of Mechanic and Electrical Engineering, Henan University of Technology , Zhengzhou , 450001 , China
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology , Zhengzhou , 450001 , China
Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory , Dongguan , 523808 , China
National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot Processing of Metals, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin , 150001 , China
References (36)
Show source-provided references
1. Wang W, Pan Q, Jiang F, Yu Y, Lin G, Wang X, et al. Microstructure evolution and performances of Al–0.7Mg–0.6Si–0.2Ce–X (X=Sc, Y and Zr) alloys with high strength and high electrical conductivity. J Alloy Compd. 2022;895:162654.10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.162654 ↗
2. Meng F, Huang H, Yuan X, Lin X, Cui Z, Hu X. Segregation in squeeze casting 6061 aluminum alloy wheel spokes and its formation mechanism. China Foundry. 2021;18:45–51.10.1007/s41230-021-0079-x ↗
3. Zarif M, Spacil I, Pabel T, Schumacher P, Li J. Effect of Ca and P on the size and morphology of eutectic Mg2Si in high-purity Al–Mg–Si alloys. Metals. 2023;13(4):784.10.3390/met13040784 ↗
4. Li X, Cui X, Liu H, Zhu Z, Liu J, Zhang X, et al. Study on the improvement and mechanism of AA6101 electrical conductivity by trace TM (Zr, V, Ti) elements-assisted boron treatment. J Alloy Compd. 2023;939:168728.10.1016/j.jallcom.2023.168728 ↗
5. Zheng Y, Luo B, Xie W, Li W. Microstructure evolution and precipitation behavior of Al–Mg–Si alloy during initial aging. China Foundry. 2023;20(1):57–62.10.1007/s41230-023-1113-y ↗
6. Ye H, Cui X, Cui H, Li X, Zhu Z, Pan Y, et al. Study about improving mechanism of electrical conductivity of AA1070Al treated by a novel composite boron treatment with trace Ti. J Alloy Compd. 2021;870(2):159416.10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.159416 ↗
7. Nikzad Khangholi S, Javidani M, Maltais A, Chen XG. Optimization of mechanical properties and electrical conductivity in Al–Mg–Si 6201 alloys with different Mg/Si ratios. J Mater Res. 2020;35(20):2765–76.10.1557/jmr.2020.249 ↗
8. Jiang S, Wang R. Grain size-dependent Mg/Si ratio effect on the microstructure and mechanical/electrical properties of Al–Mg–Si–Sc alloys. J Mater Sci Technol. 2019;35(7):1354–63.10.1016/j.jmst.2019.03.011 ↗
9. Yang M, Chen H, Orekhov A, Lu Q, Lan X, Li K, et al. Quantified contribution of β″and β′ precipitates to the strengthening of an aged Al–Mg–Si alloy. Mater Sci Eng: A. 2020;774:138776.10.1016/j.msea.2019.138776 ↗
10. De Luca A, Dunand DC, Seidman DN. Microstructure and mechanical properties of a precipitation-strengthened Al–Zr–Sc–Er–Si alloy with a very small Sc content. Acta Mater. 2018;144:80–91.10.1016/j.actamat.2017.10.040 ↗
11. Liu YF, Jia XJ, Qiao XG, Xu SW, Zheng MY. Effect of La content on microstructure, thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of Mg–4Al magnesium alloys. J Alloy Compd. 2019;806:71–8.10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.07.267 ↗
12. Guo W, Chen X, Liu P, Yu G, Fu S, Fan J, et al. Effects of Er additions on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and electrical conductivity of the Al‐0.4 Fe‐0.05 Si alloy. Adv Eng Mater. 2021;23(3):2000955.10.1002/adem.202000955 ↗
13. Pozdniakov AV, Barkov RY. Microstructure and mechanical properties of novel Al–Y–Sc alloys with high thermal stability and electrical conductivity. J Mater Sci Technol. 2020;36:1–6.10.1016/j.jmst.2019.08.006 ↗
14. Zhang P, Li Y, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Liu J. Analysis of the microhardness, mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of 7055 aluminum alloy. Vacuum. 2020;171:109005.10.1016/j.vacuum.2019.109005 ↗
15. Onat A. Effects of artificial aging heat treatment on mechanical properties and corrosion behaviour of AA6XXX aluminium alloys. J Chem Eng Mater Sci. 2018;9(2):17–23.10.5897/JCEMS2018.0315 ↗
16. Zhang Y, Wei F, Mao J, Niu G. The difference of La and Ce as additives of electrical conductivity aluminum alloys. Mater Charact. 2019;158:109963.10.1016/j.matchar.2019.109963 ↗
17. Yuan WH, Liang ZY, Zhang CY, Wei LJ. Effects of La addition on the mechanical properties and thermal-resistant properties of Al–Mg–Si–Zr alloys based on AA 6201. Mater Des. 2012;34:788–92.10.1016/j.matdes.2011.07.003 ↗
18. Jiang H, Zheng Q, Song Y, Li Y, Li S, He J, et al. Influence of minor La addition on the solidification, aging behaviors and the tensile properties of Al–Mg–Si alloys. Mater Charact. 2022;185:111750.10.1016/j.matchar.2022.111750 ↗
19. Zupanič F, Žist S, Albu M, Letofsky-Papst I, Burja J, Vončina M, et al. Dispersoids in Al–Mg–Si Alloy AA 6086 modified by Sc and Y. Materials. 2023;16(8):2949.10.3390/ma16082949 ↗
20. Jia P, Hu X, Zhang JY, Teng XY, Gao GG, Zhao DG, et al. Strengthening effects of Y and Sr on Al–9Si–0.5 Mg alloy. Mater Res Express. 2018;6(1):016538.10.1088/2053-1591/aae631 ↗
21. Wang W, Pan Q, Wang X, Liu B. Improved heat and corrosion resistance of high electrical conductivity Al–Mg–Si alloys by multi-alloying of Ce, Sc and Y. Corros Sci. 2024;226:111695.10.1016/j.corsci.2023.111695 ↗
22. Esmaeili Ghayoumabadi M, Mochugovskiy AG, Tabachkova NY, Mikhaylovskaya AV. The influence of minor additions of Y, Sc, and Zr on the microstructural evolution, superplastic behavior, and mechanical properties of AA6013 alloy. J Alloy Compd. 2022;900:163477.10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.163477 ↗
23. Ding W, Zhao X, Chen T, Zhang H, Liu X, Cheng Y, et al. Effect of rare earth Y and Al–Ti–B master alloy on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 6063 aluminum alloy. J Alloy Compd. 2020;830:154685.10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.154685 ↗
24. Chen X, Li Q, Chen J, Zhu L. Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–Gd–Y–Sm–Al alloy and analysis of grain refinement and strengthening mechanism. J Rare Earths. 2019;37(12):1351–8.10.1016/j.jre.2018.12.014 ↗
25. Mao G, Yan H, Zhu C, Wu Z, Gao W. The varied mechanisms of yttrium (Y) modifying a hypoeutectic Al–Si alloy under conditions of different cooling rates. J Alloy Compd. 2019;806:909–16.10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.07.107 ↗
26. Han Y, Shao D, Chen BA, Peng Z, Zhu ZX, Zhang Q, et al. Effect of Mg/Si ratio on the microstructure and hardness–conductivity relationship of ultrafine-grained Al–Mg–Si alloys. J Mater Sci. 2017;52:4445–59.10.1007/s10853-016-0691-0 ↗
27. Bobruk EV, Safargalina ZA, Golubev OV, Baykov D, Kazykhanov VU. The effect of ultrafine-grained states on superplastic behavior of Al–Mg–Si alloy. Mater Lett. 2019;255:126503.10.1016/j.matlet.2019.126503 ↗
28. Zhao N, Ban C. Developing a high-strength Al–Mg–Si alloy with improved electrical conductivity by a novel ECAP route. Met Mater Int. 2022;28(10):2513–28.10.1007/s12540-021-01152-x ↗
29. Shuai GL, Li Z, Zhang DT, Tong YX, Li L. The mechanical property and electrical conductivity evolution of Al–Fe alloy between room temperature and elevated temperature ECAP. Vacuum. 2021;183:109813.10.1016/j.vacuum.2020.109813 ↗
30. Moraga L, Henriquez R, Solis B. Quantum theory of the effect of grain boundaries on the electrical conductivity of thin films and wires. Phys B: Condens Matter. 2015;470:39–49.10.1016/j.physb.2015.04.034 ↗
31. Ma PP, Liu CH, Chen QY, Wang Q, Zhan LH, Li JJ. Natural-ageing-enhanced precipitation near grain boundaries in high-strength aluminum alloy. J Mater Sci Technol. 2020;46:107–13.10.1016/j.jmst.2019.11.035 ↗
32. Zhang JX, Gao AH. Effect of micro-Y on microstructure and properties of Al–Mg–Si aluminum alloy. J Aeronaut Mater. 2012;32(1):6–9.
33. Liu Y, Meng S, Gao M, Pan S, Fu Y, Guan R. Enhanced comprehensive performance via alloying and rheo-diecasting in a semi-solid Al–Si–Fe–Mg–Cu–Sr alloy. J Mater Res Technol. 2023;25:420–39.10.1016/j.jmrt.2023.05.222 ↗
34. Liu X, Wang B, Li Q, Wang J, Zhang C, Xue C, et al. Quantifying the effects of grain refiners Al–Ti–B and La on the microstructure and mechanical properties of W319 alloy. Metals. 2022;12(4):627.10.3390/met12040627 ↗
35. Ibrahim MF, Abdelaziz MH, Samuel AM, Doty HW, Samuel FH. Effect of rare earth metals on the mechanical properties and fractography of Al–Si-based alloys. Int J Metalcast. 2020;14:108–24.10.1007/s40962-019-00336-x ↗
36. Wang X, Guan R, Zhang Y, Su N, Ji L, Li Y, et al. Microstructure evolution and properties of Al/Al–Mg–Si alloy clad wire during heat treatment. Appl Phys A. 2016;122:1–8.10.1007/s00339-016-0150-4 ↗