Typical Flaws in Axle Billets Detected in Ultrasonic Testing of Axles of Wheel Sets
Source abstract
Abstract
The paper describes typical aws in axle billets manufactured by various steel works and classifies them in accordance with their metallographic characteristics. Feasibility of detecting such aws by ultrasonic methods is demonstrated.
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Research context
OpenAlex topics: Engineering Diagnostics and Reliability · Material Properties and Failure Mechanisms · Material Properties and Applications
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References (8)
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1. Ivanskii, A.E. and Bocharova, I.V., Organization of Ultrasonic Testing of Axles for Wheelsets at Uralvagonzavod, in: V mire nerazrushayushchego kontrolya (The World of NDT), ZAO Sven, 2001, no. 4(14), pp. 61-63.
2. GOST 30272-96. Rough Axles (Profiled Billets) for Rolling Stock of Railways 1520 mm Wide, Minsk: Izd. Standartov, 1997.
3. GOST 4728-96. Axles Billets for Rolling Stock of Railways 1520 mm Wide, Minsk: Izd. Standartov, 1997.
4. Novokshenova, S.M. and Vinogradov, M.I., Defekty stali (Flaws in Steels), Moscow: Metallurgiya, 1984, p. 18.
5. GOST 10243. Steel. Methods of Testing and Evaluation of Microstructure, Moscow: Izd. Standartov, 1985.
6. Balter, M.A., Fraktografiya—sredstvo diagnostiki razrushennykh detalei (Fractography as a Technique for Diagnostics of Fractures Components), Moscow: Mashinostroenie, 1987, pp. 118-119.
7. Shteinberg, S.S., Flakes and Their Causes, MiTOM, 1972, no. 9, pp. 16-19.
8. Kalinina, Z.M., Defekty legirovannykh stalei (Flaws in Alloyed Steels), Sverdlovsk: Metallurgizdat, 1960, pp. 164-165.