Anion Effect in Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction and Small Organic Molecule Oxidation
Source abstract
Abstract
The growing global energy demand underscores the urgent need for efficient and stable electrocatalysts for clean energy conversion. The anion effect, which refers to the pivotal influence of anionic species in dynamically regulating the structure, electronic properties, and catalytic performance of electrocatalysts, is systematically summarized in this review for both the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the electrooxidation of small organic molecules. For the OER, we detail how anions undergo structural evolution and further enhance catalytic activity and stability through multiple mechanisms, including anion adsorption effect, anion leaching-induced metal oxidation and reconstruction, anion defect effect, anion intercalation effect, and electrostatic shielding effect. Furthermore, the discussion has also been extended to the electrooxidation of various organic molecules, such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), glycerol, methanol, and urea, where anion-mediated strategies enable the efficient synthesis of value-added chemicals. Finally, we conclude with a summary and outlook about the challenges and opportunities of anion effect in electrocatalysts for OER and electrooxidation of small organic molecules.
Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion · Catalysis for Biomass Conversion · Advanced battery technologies research
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
Xi’an Jiaotong University
Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center
Institute of Electronic and Information Engineering of UESTC in Guangdong
International Research Center for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering
Instrumental Analysis Center
Mechanical Design and Materials Department, Faculty of Energy Engineering
Aswan University
Key Laboratory of Multiscale Spin Physics (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy
Beijing Normal University
Funding
Xi?an Jiaotong University · National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents · National Natural Science Foundation of China · Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province · Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi · Sanqin Bochuang Talent Support Program of Shaanxi · ?Young Talent Support Plan? of Xi?an Jiaotong University
References (100+)
Show source-provided references
1. 10.1038/nenergy.2016.20210.1038/nenergy.2016.202 ↗
2. 10.1038/s41560-019-0425-z10.1038/s41560-019-0425-z ↗
3. 10.1038/s44286-024-00122-510.1038/s44286-024-00122-5 ↗
4. 10.1002/adma.20200008610.1002/adma.202000086 ↗
5. 10.1038/s41586-025-08610-110.1038/s41586-025-08610-1 ↗
6. 10.1039/C4CS00448E10.1039/C4CS00448E ↗
7. 10.1002/anie.20211533110.1002/anie.202115331 ↗
8. 10.1021/acsenergylett.5c0136610.1021/acsenergylett.5c01366 ↗
9. 10.1002/adma.20190179610.1002/adma.201901796 ↗
10. 10.1021/jacs.4c1303610.1021/jacs.4c13036 ↗
11. 10.1039/D5MH01223F10.1039/D5MH01223F ↗
12. 10.1126/science.aaf152510.1126/science.aaf1525 ↗
13. 10.1038/nchem.288610.1038/nchem.2886 ↗
14. 10.1002/adma.20231132210.1002/adma.202311322 ↗
15. 10.1021/cs300309810.1021/cs3003098 ↗
16. 10.3390/ijms2604158210.3390/ijms26041582 ↗
17. 10.1021/ja407115p10.1021/ja407115p ↗
18. 10.1007/s40820-023-01038-010.1007/s40820-023-01038-0 ↗
19. 10.1021/jacs.8b0454610.1021/jacs.8b04546 ↗
20. 10.1016/j.esci.2023.10011110.1016/j.esci.2023.100111 ↗
21. 10.1039/D3CS00717K10.1039/D3CS00717K ↗
22. 10.1002/anie.20150283610.1002/anie.201502836 ↗
23. 10.1021/jacs.5b0028110.1021/jacs.5b00281 ↗
24. 10.1021/acsami.3c1907710.1021/acsami.3c19077 ↗
25. 10.1021/ja502652910.1021/ja5026529 ↗
26. 10.1007/s12598-024-02841-310.1007/s12598-024-02841-3 ↗
27. 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.03110.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.031 ↗
28. 10.1002/adfm.20210291810.1002/adfm.202102918 ↗
29. 10.1038/s41467-025-56639-710.1038/s41467-025-56639-7 ↗
30. 10.1021/acscatal.3c0124310.1021/acscatal.3c01243 ↗
31. 10.1002/anie.20220727910.1002/anie.202207279 ↗
32. 10.1002/anie.20201109710.1002/anie.202011097 ↗
33. 10.1002/aenm.20230076510.1002/aenm.202300765 ↗
34. 10.1002/anie.20211717810.1002/anie.202117178 ↗
35. 10.1002/anie.20250927410.1002/anie.202509274 ↗
36. 10.1002/adma.20241805810.1002/adma.202418058 ↗
37. 10.1002/adma.20180512710.1002/adma.201805127 ↗
38. 10.1016/j.jmst.2022.12.04210.1016/j.jmst.2022.12.042 ↗
39. 10.1007/s12598-025-03304-z10.1007/s12598-025-03304-z ↗
40. 10.1038/s41467-025-58623-710.1038/s41467-025-58623-7 ↗
41. 10.1039/C8TA11734A10.1039/C8TA11734A ↗
42. 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.02.21210.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.02.212 ↗
43. 10.1038/s41467-018-04788-310.1038/s41467-018-04788-3 ↗
44. 10.1002/smll.20220385210.1002/smll.202203852 ↗
45. 10.1002/aenm.20230336010.1002/aenm.202303360 ↗
46. 10.1002/advs.20251430110.1002/advs.202514301 ↗
47. 10.1002/advs.20220238710.1002/advs.202202387 ↗
48. 10.1002/anie.20211035510.1002/anie.202110355 ↗
49. 10.1073/pnas.190055611610.1073/pnas.1900556116 ↗
50. 10.1002/anie.20231652210.1002/anie.202316522 ↗
51. 10.1016/j.apcatb.2024.12492510.1016/j.apcatb.2024.124925 ↗
52. 10.1002/anie.20221332810.1002/anie.202213328 ↗
53. 10.1002/adma.20240480610.1002/adma.202404806 ↗
54. 10.1002/advs.20241196410.1002/advs.202411964 ↗
55. 10.1002/advs.20190283010.1002/advs.201902830 ↗
56. 10.1038/s41467-023-42646-z10.1038/s41467-023-42646-z ↗
57. 10.1021/acsenergylett.5c0095710.1021/acsenergylett.5c00957 ↗
58. 10.1038/s41467-022-30064-610.1038/s41467-022-30064-6 ↗
59. 10.1021/jacs.2c1243110.1021/jacs.2c12431 ↗
60. 10.1016/S0022-0728(71)80040-210.1016/S0022-0728(71)80040-2 ↗
61. 10.1039/p2972000139610.1039/p29720001396 ↗
62. 10.1021/acscatal.1c0416310.1021/acscatal.1c04163 ↗
63. 10.1021/jacs.0c1092410.1021/jacs.0c10924 ↗
64. 10.3390/electrochem304005210.3390/electrochem3040052 ↗
65. 10.1021/jacsau.3c0041010.1021/jacsau.3c00410 ↗
66. 10.1021/acscatal.5c0070010.1021/acscatal.5c00700 ↗
67. 10.1038/s41467-021-27909-x10.1038/s41467-021-27909-x ↗
68. 10.1038/ncomms1269510.1038/ncomms12695 ↗
69. 10.1016/j.coelec.2023.10125810.1016/j.coelec.2023.101258 ↗
70. 10.1016/j.coche.2018.05.00310.1016/j.coche.2018.05.003 ↗
71. 10.1063/1.512487810.1063/1.5124878 ↗
72. 10.1038/s42004-022-00635-110.1038/s42004-022-00635-1 ↗
73. 10.1021/acsphyschemau.2c0004410.1021/acsphyschemau.2c00044 ↗
74. 10.1039/D3SC01734F10.1039/D3SC01734F ↗
75. 10.1039/D4TA04113E10.1039/D4TA04113E ↗
76. 10.1038/s41557-025-01977-810.1038/s41557-025-01977-8 ↗
77. 10.3390/hydrogen404004910.3390/hydrogen4040049 ↗
78. 10.1016/j.isci.2024.10907810.1016/j.isci.2024.109078 ↗
79. 10.1002/adfm.20210277210.1002/adfm.202102772 ↗
80. 10.1002/celc.20210050010.1002/celc.202100500 ↗
81. 10.1021/acsami.6b0356610.1021/acsami.6b03566 ↗
82. 10.1038/s41467-020-16237-110.1038/s41467-020-16237-1 ↗
83. 10.1002/adfm.20200924510.1002/adfm.202009245 ↗
84. 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.03.13210.1016/j.jcis.2024.03.132 ↗
85. 10.1002/cssc.20130101910.1002/cssc.201301019 ↗
86. 10.1021/jacs.4c0135310.1021/jacs.4c01353 ↗
87. 10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c0810310.1021/acs.jpcc.3c08103 ↗
88. 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.06.01210.1016/j.chempr.2022.06.012 ↗
89. 10.1016/0368-1874(84)83638-210.1016/0368-1874(84)83638-2 ↗
90. 10.1039/C4CP04791E10.1039/C4CP04791E ↗
91. 10.1021/acsaem.9b0065810.1021/acsaem.9b00658 ↗
92. 10.1002/cphc.20190090210.1002/cphc.201900902 ↗
93. 10.1021/acscatal.2c0396810.1021/acscatal.2c03968 ↗
94. 10.1021/ja504460w10.1021/ja504460w ↗
95. 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.09.04310.1016/j.electacta.2011.09.043 ↗
96. 10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c0128710.1021/acs.jpcc.3c01287 ↗
97. 10.1016/0013-4686(82)80164-310.1016/0013-4686(82)80164-3 ↗
98. 10.1021/jp402804710.1021/jp4028047 ↗
99. 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5c0211410.1021/acs.jpclett.5c02114 ↗
100. 10.1021/jacs.5c1055410.1021/jacs.5c10554 ↗