journal article·2020-10-09Open access

High-Voltage Phosphate Cathodes for Rechargeable Ca-Ion Batteries

Sanghyeon Kim, Liang Yin, Myeong Hwan Lee, Prakash Parajuli, Lauren Blanc, Timothy T. Fister, Haesun Park, Bob Jin Kwon, Brian J. Ingram, Peter Zapol, Robert F. Klie, Kisuk Kang, Linda F. Nazar, Saul H. Lapidus, John T. Vaughey

ACS Energy Letters· Volume 5· Issue 10

Abstract

Calcium-ion batteries (CIBs) are under investigation as next-generation energy storage devices due to their theoretically high operating potentials and lower costs tied to the high natural abundance of calcium. However, the development of CIBs has been limited by the lack of available positive electrode materials. Here, for the first time, we report two functional polyanionic phosphate materials as high-voltage cathodes for CIBs at room temperature. NaV2(PO4)3 electrodes were found to reversibly intercalate 0.6 mol of Ca2+ (81 mA h g–1) near 3.2 V (vs Ca2+/Ca) with stable cycling performance at a current density of 3.5 mA g–1. The olivine framework material FePO4 reversibly intercalates 0.2 mol of Ca2+ (72 mA h g–1) near 2.9 V (vs Ca2+/Ca) at a current density of 7.5 mA g–1 in the first cycle. Structural, electronic, and compositional changes are consistent with reversible Ca2+ intercalation into these two materials.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Advancements in Battery Materials · Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies · Advanced battery technologies research

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States

Joint Center for Energy Storage Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States

X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States

Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea

Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States

Department of Chemistry and the Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada

Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States

Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea

Institute of Engineering Research, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea

Funding

Basic Energy Sciences · Division of Materials Research

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