DataVXACS Energy LettersPaper
journal article·2021-05-14Open access

Unravelling the Mechanism of Lithium Nucleation and Growth and the Interaction with the Solid Electrolyte Interface

Kang Dong, Yaolin Xu, Jinwang Tan, Markus Osenberg, Fu Sun, Zdravko Kochovski, Duong Tung Pham, Shilin Mei, André Hilger, Emily Ryan, Yan Lu, John Banhart, Ingo Manke

ACS Energy Letters· Volume 6· Issue 5
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Source abstract

Abstract

Limited understanding of the lithium (Li) nucleation and growth mechanism has hampered the implementation of Li-metal batteries. Herein, we unravel the evolution of the morphology and inner structure of Li deposits using focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB/SEM). Ball-shaped Li deposits are found to be widespread and stack up at a low current density. When the current density exceeds the diffusion-limiting current, bush-shaped deposition appears that consists of Li-balls, Li-whiskers, and bulky Li. Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) further reveals that Li-balls are primarily amorphous, whereas the Li-whiskers are highly crystalline. Additionally, the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layers of the Li-balls and whiskers show a difference in structure and composition, which is correlated to the underlying deposition mechanism. The revealed Li nucleation and growth mechanism and the correlation with the nanostructure and chemistry of the SEI provide insights toward the practical use of rechargeable Li-metal batteries.
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Research context

Energy storageNanomaterialsMaterials processing

OpenAlex topics: Advancements in Battery Materials · Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies · Advanced Battery Technologies Research

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Institute of Applied Materials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany

Institute of Materials Science and Technology, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni, 10623 Berlin, Germany

Department of Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany

College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China

Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Road, 266101, Qingdao, PR China

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, 110 Cummington Mall, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States

Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany

Funding

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft · China Scholarship Council · Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung · Helmholtz Association · Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation · Natural Science Foundation of SZU

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