Structural, transport, morphological, and thermal studies of nano barium titanate–incorporated magnesium ion conducting solid polymer electrolytes

A new series of nanocomposite polymer electrolytes (NCPEs) was prepared using poly(vinylidene fluoride–co–hexafluoro propylene) P(VdF-HFP) as polymer, magnesium triflate (MgTr) as salt and nano-sized barium titanate (BaTiO ₃ ) (<100 nm) as nanofiller via traditional solution casting technique. Decrease in crystalline nature of the samples due to the incorporation of nano BaTiO ₃ was revealed through X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. From AC impedance spectroscopy, maximum conductivity of 4.11 × 10 ⁻⁴ Scm ⁻¹ was attained for the addition of 6 wt% of nano BaTiO ₃ to the P(VdF-HFP)/MgTr matrix. Dielectric studies were found to be in accordance with the ionic conductivity studies. For the most highly conducting sample, a greater number of mountain valley pattern was observed from Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) analysis. Thermal stability of the sample, P(VdF-HFP)/MgTr/BaTiO ₃ (6 wt%) (which possessed maximum ionic conductivity) was observed through TG/differential thermal analysis studies. All these results suggested that these materials are favorable and find application in practical electrochemical devices.