Cancer Cell Detection Biosensor Based on Graphene-Plasmonic Split Square-Ring-Shaped Nanostructure

In this work, a new and sensitive biosensor for the detection of cancerous cells is proposed and investigated. The proposed configuration is based on the combination of graphene-plasmonic nanostructures. The structure is made of different split square-ring-shaped waveguides which are coupled to two half-rectangle shaped waveguides (functioning as input and output ports). SiO2, Ag, Au, and graphene are the materials utilized in the proposed structure. In the structure, the incident light wave would be applied to the lower half-rectangle shaped waveguide (input port) and then would be coupled to the split square-ring-shaped waveguides and finally would be transmitted to the upper half-rectangle shaped waveguide (output port). The transmission spectrum of the structure would be considered and improved (improving the transmission’s peak value and wavelength for increasing the functionality of the structure and enhancing the sensitivity of the biosensor) by investigating the effects of different geometrical and structural parameters. The investigated parameters are the split angle orientations (0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°), structural parameters (t1, t2), and chemical potential (μc). After improving the transmission’s peak value and wavelength, the proposed structure would be considered as the biosensor for diagnosing different cancerous cells related to blood, cervical, adrenal glands, and breast and skin parts. Finally, the considerable sensitivity factor of 16190.47 nm/RIU would be obtained for the proposed biosensor. Therefore, the proposed structure can be a great and efficient candidate for bio-sensing applications in the optical integrated circuits.