Magnetic Particle Imaging-Based Guidance of Endovascular Liquid Embolization

Abstract The use of liquid embolic agents is established as a standard of care for the therapy of vascular pathologies, e.g., arteriovenous malformations. Monitoring the curing process would be helpful for the safe and effective application of liquid embolization materials in various clinical applications. In this study, we added superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) to a liquid embolization agent and attempted to visualize the solidification process using magnetic particle imaging (MPI). Our findings suggest that the observed differences in the magnetic signal throughout the solidification process can be exploited by multicontrast MPI, thus enabling the real-time monitoring of embolization procedures.