Gaussian potential driven dark soliton and their cloning in exciton-polariton condensates

We investigate the behavior of dark soliton solutions and their cloning in a nonresonant, incoherently pumped exciton-polariton condensate influenced by external potentials. The introduction of a Gaussian potential well enables the acquisition of multipole dark solitons. The power and stability of these solitons can be regulated by the properties of the potential. Notably, the one-pole dark soliton, due to its favorable characteristics, is used to facilitate soliton cloning. By employing multiple Gaussian potential wells and initially injecting a one-pole dark soliton into the leftmost wells, we achieve the ``shearing clone'' of a stable, identical soliton through a gain and loss mechanism. Different from periodically cloning by pumping, the cloned dark soliton from potential can maintain high fidelity over an extended period, even under quantum perturbations, making it a practical approach for stable dark soliton generation. However, successful soliton cloning requires careful control of the width and distance between the Gaussian potential wells, corresponding to a ``clone area.'' By modulating the number and spacing of the Gaussian potential wells, we can manipulate the ``clone area'' and the position of soliton cloning. Our investigation demonstrates that soliton cloning arises from the interactions between the solutions, the binding effect of the potential wells, and the gain and loss dynamics of the system. Our proposal offers a promising method for generating and controlling dark soliton, introducing a new approach to achieve soliton cloning in nonequilibrium systems. Additionally, soliton cloning offers potential applications in areas such as the synthesis of molecules and multisoliton clusters, quantum communication technologies.