Anti-ROS Nanoenzyme-Based Nerve Regeneration

Peripheral nerve injury severely impairs motor and sensory function, and treatment options other than autologous nerve grafting are limited. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have been widely used in the clinic and show promise for nerve regeneration; however, their therapeutic effects have not been optimized. This study describes a method of combining ADSCs with nanoscale Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs) to overcome oxidative stress and enhance repair. In vitro, the combined treatment reduced reactive oxygen species levels and protected ADSC survival and mitochondrial function under oxidative stress. In vivo, allogeneic nerve grafts of ADSC with Prussian blue nanoparticles (ADSC-PBNP-ANA) grafts promoted axonal regeneration, myelin sheath formation, and macrophage polarization toward the M2 phenotype. Furthermore, satisfactory tissue regeneration and functional recovery were observed in long-term studies. This study provides a promising strategy for combining stem cells and nanomaterials to enhance peripheral nerve repair. The potential of this approach in clinical application awaits further preclinical testing.