Facile synthesis of mesoporous and highly nitrogen/sulfur dual-doped graphene and its ultrahigh discharge capacity in non-aqueous lithium oxygen batteries
Source abstract
Abstract
High-level heteroatom, N and S, dual-doped graphene with an improved mesoporous structure was fabricated via facile in situ carbonization and used as metal-free cathode for non-aqueous lithium oxygen batteries. The prepared cathode delivered an ultrahigh specific capacity of 22,252 mAh/g at a current density of 200 mA/g as well as better cycling reversibility because of the larger and copious mesopores, which can promote the penetration of oxygen, electrons, and lithium ions and the ability to accommodate more discharge products, e.g., Li2O2, in Li–O2 batteries. The material had a high level of heteroatom co-doping in the carbon lattice, which enhanced the electrical conductivity and served as active sites for the oxygen reduction reaction.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Advancements in Battery Materials · Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies · Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (42)
Show source-provided references
1. Chu S, Majumdar A (2012) Opportunities and challenges for a sustainable energy future. Nature 488:294. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature1147510.1038/nature11475 ↗
2. Kim M, Yoo E, Ahn W, Shim SE (2018) Controlling porosity of porous carbon cathode for lithium oxygen batteries: influence of micro and meso porosity. J Power Sources 389:20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.03.08010.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.03.080 ↗
3. Chitturi VR, Ara M, Fawaz W, Ng KYS, Arava LMR (2016) Enhanced lithium–oxygen battery performances with Pt subnanocluster decorated N-doped single-walled carbon nanotube cathodes. ACS Catal 6:7088. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.6b0101610.1021/acscatal.6b01016 ↗
4. He M, Zhang P, Liu L, Liu B, Xu S (2016) Hierarchical porous nitrogen doped three-dimensional graphene as a free-standing cathode for rechargeable lithium–oxygen batteries. Electrochim Acta 191:90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2016.01.02610.1016/j.electacta.2016.01.026 ↗
5. Sun B, Huang X, Chen S, Munroe P, Wang G (2014) Porous graphene nanoarchitectures: an efficient catalyst for low charge-overpotential, long life, and high capacity lithium–oxygen batteries. Nano Lett 14:3145. https://doi.org/10.1021/nl500397y10.1021/nl500397y ↗
6. Wang Z, Xu D, Xu J, Zhang L, Zhang X (2012) Graphene oxide gel-derived, free-standing, hierarchically porous carbon for high-capacity and high-rate rechargeable Li–O2 batteries. Adv Funct Mater 22:3699. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.20120040310.1002/adfm.201200403 ↗
7. Li X, Wang H, Robinson JT, Sanchez H, Diankov G, Dai H (2009) Simultaneous nitrogen doping and reduction of graphene oxide. J Am Chem Soc 131:15939. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja907098f10.1021/ja907098f ↗
8. Zhang L, Su Z, Jiang F, Yang L, Qian J, Zhou Y, Li W, Hong M (2014) Highly graphitized nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanopolyhedra derived from ZIF-8 nanocrystals as efficient electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reactions. Nanoscale 6:6590. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4NR00348A10.1039/C4NR00348A ↗
9. Duan X, O’Donnell K, Sun H, Wang Y, Wang S (2015) Sulfur and nitrogen co-doped graphene for metal-free catalytic oxidation reactions. Small 11:3036. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.20140371510.1002/smll.201403715 ↗
10. Mao Y, Duan H, Xu B, Zhang L, Hu Y, Zhao C, Wang Z, Chen L, Yang Y (2012) Lithium storage in nitrogen-rich mesoporous carbon materials. Energy Environ Sci 5:7950. https://doi.org/10.1039/C2EE21817H10.1039/c2ee21817h ↗
11. Nan D, Huang Z, Lv R, Yang L, Wang J, Shen W, Lin Y, Yu X, Ye L, Sun H, Kang F (2014) Towards understanding of the mechanism of stepwise zeolite recrystallization into micro/mesoporous materials. J Mater Chem A 2:16978. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4TA03681F10.1039/C4TA03868A ↗
12. Bag S, Mondal B, Das AK, Raj CR (2015) Nitrogen and sulfur dual-doped reduced graphene oxide: synergistic effect of dopants towards oxygen reduction reaction. Electrochim Acta 163:16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2015.02.13010.1016/j.electacta.2015.02.130 ↗
13. Pang Q, Tang J, Huang H, Liang X, Hart C, Tam KC, Nazar LF (2015) A nitrogen and sulfur dual-doped carbon derived from polyrhodanine@cellulose for advanced lithium–sulfur batteries. Adv Mater 27:6021. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.20150246710.1002/adma.201502467 ↗
14. Dong Y, Pang H, Yang HB, Guo C, Shao J, Chi Y, Li CM, Yu T (2013) Carbon-based dots co-doped with nitrogen and sulfur for high quantum yield and excitation-independent emission. Angew Chem Int Ed 52:7800. https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.20130111410.1002/anie.201301114 ↗
15. Ito Y, Cong W, Fujita T, Tang Z, Chen M (2015) High catalytic activity of nitrogen and sulfur co-doped nanoporous graphene in the hydrogen evolution reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed 54:2131. https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.20141005010.1002/anie.201410050 ↗
16. Kim J, Kannan AG, Woo H, Jin D, Kim W, Ryu K, Kim D (2015) A bi-functional metal-free catalyst composed of dual-doped graphene and mesoporous carbon for rechargeable lithium–oxygen batteries. J Mater Chem A 3:18456. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5TA05334J10.1039/C5TA05334J ↗
17. Zhao C, Yu C, Liu S, Yang J, Fan X, Huang H, Qiu J (2015) 3D porous N-doped graphene frameworks made of interconnected nanocages for ultrahigh-rate and long-life Li–O2 batteries. Adv Funct Mater 25:6913. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.20150307710.1002/adfm.201503077 ↗
18. Wu ZL, Zhang P, Gao MX, Liu CF, Wang W, Leng F, Huang CZ (2013) One-pot hydrothermal synthesis of highly luminescent nitrogen-doped amphoteric carbon dots for bioimaging from Bombyx mori silk: natural proteins. J Mater Chem B 1:2868. https://doi.org/10.1039/C3TB20418A10.1039/c3tb20418a ↗
19. Zhou X, Wan L, Guo Y (2013) Binding SnO2 nanocrystals in nitrogen-doped graphene sheets as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Adv Mater 25:2152. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.20130007110.1002/adma.201300071 ↗
20. Du Q, Zheng M, Zhang L, Wang Y, Chen J, Xue L, Dai W, Ji G, Cao J (2010) Preparation of functionalized graphene sheets by a low-temperature thermal exfoliation approach and their electrochemical supercapacitive behaviors. Electrochim Acta 55:3897. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2010.01.08910.1016/j.electacta.2010.01.089 ↗
21. Zhang C, Mahmood N, Yin H, Liu F, Hou Y (2013) Synthesis of phosphorus-doped graphene and its multifunctional applications for oxygen reduction reaction and lithium ion batteries. Adv Mater 25:4932. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.20130187010.1002/adma.201301870 ↗
22. Liu X, Zhou L, Zhao Y, Bian L, Feng X, Pu Q (2013) Hollow, spherical nitrogen-rich porous carbon shells obtained from a porous organic framework for the supercapacitor. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 5:10280. https://doi.org/10.1021/am403175q10.1021/am403175q ↗
23. Kapteijn F, Moulijn A, Matzner S, Boehm HP (1999) The development of nitrogen functionality in model chars during gasification in CO2 and O2. Carbon 37:1143. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6223(98)00312-110.1016/S0008-6223(98)00312-1 ↗
24. Liu G, Li X, Ganesan P, Popov BN (2009) Development of non-precious metal oxygen-reduction catalysts for PEM fuel cells based on N-doped ordered porous carbon. Appl Catal B 93:156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2009.09.02510.1016/j.apcatb.2009.09.025 ↗
25. Chen Z, Higgins D, Chen Z (2010) Nitrogen doped carbon nanotubes and their impact on the oxygen reduction reaction in fuel cells. Carbon 48:3057. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2010.04.03810.1016/j.carbon.2010.04.038 ↗
26. Ma C, Shao X, Cao D (2012) Nitrogen-doped graphene nanosheets as anode materials for lithium ion batteries: a first-principles study. J Mater Chem 22:8911. https://doi.org/10.1039/C2JM00166G10.1039/c2jm00166g ↗
27. Hu C, Xiao Y, Zhao Y, Chen N, Zhang Z, Cao M, Qu L (2013) Highly nitrogen-doped carbon capsules: scalable preparation and high-performance applications in fuel cells and lithium ion batteries. Nanoscale 5:2726. https://doi.org/10.1039/C3NR34002C10.1039/c3nr34002c ↗
28. Yang SH, Shin WH, Kang JK (2008) The nature of graphite- and pyridine like nitrogen configurations in carbon nitride nanotubes: dependence on diameter and helicity. Small 4:437. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.20070054310.1002/smll.200700543 ↗
29. Stancyzk K, Dziembaj R, Piwowarska Z, Witkowski S (1995) Transformation of nitrogen structures in carbonization of model compounds determined by XPS. Carbon 33:1383. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-6223(95)00084-Q10.1016/0008-6223(95)00084-Q ↗
30. Razmjooei F, Singh KP, Song MY, Yu J (2014) Enhanced electrocatalytic activity due to additional phosphorous doping in nitrogen and sulfur-doped graphene: a comprehensive study. Carbon 78:257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2014.07.00210.1016/j.carbon.2014.07.002 ↗
31. Yang Z, Yao Z, Li G, Fang G, Nie H, Liu Z, Zhou X, Chen X, Huang S (2012) Sulfur-doped graphene as an efficient metal-free cathode catalyst for oxygen reduction. ACS Nano 6:205. https://doi.org/10.1021/nn203393d10.1021/nn203393d ↗
32. Yang S, Zhi L, Tang K, Feng X, Maier J, Mullen K (2012) Efficient synthesis of heteroatom (N or S)-doped graphene based on ultrathin graphene oxide-porous silica sheets for oxygen reduction reactions. Adv Funct Mater 22:3634. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.20120018610.1002/adfm.201200186 ↗
33. Liang J, Jiao Y, Jaroniec M, Qiao SZ (2012) Sulfur and nitrogen dual-doped mesoporous graphene electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction with synergistically enhanced performance. Angew Chem Int Ed 51:11496. https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.20120672010.1002/anie.201206720 ↗
34. Kim M, Kim Y, Lee KM, Jeong SY, Lee E, Baeck SH, Shim SE (2016) Electrochemical improvement due to alignment of carbon nanofibers fabricated by electrospinning as an electrode for supercapacitor. Carbon 99:607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2015.12.06810.1016/j.carbon.2015.12.068 ↗
35. Shao Y, Zhang S, Engelhard MH, Li G, Shao G, Wang Y, Liu J, Aksay IA, Lin Y (2010) Nitrogen-doped graphene and its electrochemical applications. J Mater Chem 20:7491. https://doi.org/10.1039/C0JM00782J10.1039/c0jm00782j ↗
36. Yu J, Yu JC, Leung MKP, Ho W, Cheng B, Zhao X, Zhao J (2003) Effects of acidic and basic hydrolysis catalysts on the photocatalytic activity and microstructures of bimodal mesoporous titania. J Catal 217:69. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9517(03)00034-410.1016/S0021-9517(03)00034-4 ↗
37. Cai D, Wang S, Lian P, Zhu X, Li D, Yang W, Wang H (2013) Superhigh capacity and rate capability of high-level nitrogen-doped graphene sheets as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Electrochim Acta 90:492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2012.11.10510.1016/j.electacta.2012.11.105 ↗
38. Shui J, Shui J, Lin Y, Connell JW, Xu J, Fan X, Dai L (2016) Nitrogen-doped holey graphene for high-performance rechargeable Li–O2 batteries. ACS Energy Lett 1:260. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.6b0012810.1021/acsenergylett.6b00128 ↗
39. Wu G, Mack NH, Gao W, Ma S, Zhong R, Han J, Baldwin JK, Zelenay P (2012) Nitrogen-doped graphene-rich catalysts derived from heteroatom polymers for oxygen reduction in nonaqueous lithium–O2 battery cathodes. ACS Nano 6:9764. https://doi.org/10.1021/nn303275d10.1021/nn303275d ↗
40. Grande L, Paillard E, Hassoun J, Park J, Lee Y, Sun Y, Passerini S, Scrosati B (2015) The lithium/air battery: still an emerging system or a practical reality? Adv Mater 27:784. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.20140306410.1002/adma.201403064 ↗
41. Xie J, Yao X, Cheng Q, Madden IP, Dornath P, Chang C, Fan W, Wang D (2015) Three dimensionally ordered mesoporous carbon as a stable, high-performance Li–O2 battery cathode. Angew Chem 127:4299. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.20141078610.1002/anie.201410786 ↗
42. Kim M, Lee G, Lee S, Jeong JH, Mhamane D, Roh KC, Kim K (2017) Synthesis of LiFePO4/graphene microspheres while avoiding restacking of graphene sheets for high-rate lithium-ion batteries. J Ind Eng Chem 52:251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2017.03.05410.1016/j.jiec.2017.03.054 ↗