Nanodiamond-Based Fibrous Composites: A Review of Fabrication Methods, Properties, and Applications

The introduction of nanomaterials (NMs) to a fibrous substrate has expanded the spectrum of its applications to various fields of life such as construction, medicine, protection, and energy. These promising outcomes are driving scientists to further explore this area from various aspects, including the introduction of different classes of NMs, their application through numerous approaches, and the potential achievement of various properties. A diamond nanoparticle is a biocompatible material with extraordinary thermal, mechanical, chemical, and optical properties. Nanodiamond (ND) has been extensively studied for its composites with polymers, fabrication, properties, and applications. It was attempted to combine ND with fibrous materials in nanofiber, fiber, filaments, yarns, and fabric, which opened up a new potential application area of ND in textiles. The fabrication, surface characterization, properties, and application of ND with various forms of fibrous materials are outlined in this review, which could be useful for paving the way for researchers to take some advanced steps in this respect.