Programmable Laser Patterning of Ag Nanoparticles and Reduced Graphene Oxide Hybrid Electrodes for Nonenzymatic Hydrogen Peroxide Detection

Graphene and noble metal hybrid electrodes are promising for electrochemical sensing. However, open problems with respect to electrode patterning and integration still restrict their practical applications in miniaturized devices. Here, we report a facile laser-scribing method for in situ fabrication of Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) and reduced graphene oxides (RGO) modified ITO (AgNPs@RGO/ITO) electrodes for nonenzymatic hydrogen peroxide detection. Laser-scribing treatment of the AgNPs and graphene oxides (GO) nanocomposite film enables effective photoreduction of GO, designable patterning of various electrode geometry, and inducing a porous structure. In this way, graphene-based electrochemical electrodes with improved conductivity, programmable shapes, and high activity can be fabricated through a mask-free and chemical-free manner. The AgNPs@RGO/ITO electrodes exhibit good electrochemical performance for the nonenzymatic detection of hydrogen peroxide with a linear range of 0.05–0.5 mM (r = 0.99) and 1–10 mM (r = 0.99), and the detection limit is estimated to be 3.27 μM. Direct laser-scribing of noble metal NPs–modified graphene electrodes holds great promise for developing advanced sensing platforms toward various applications ranging from electrochemical analysis, biosensor, to lab-on-a-chip system.