Electrochemical Sensor Based on Lead Molybdate–Carbon Nanocomposite for the Detection of Furazolidone

High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Furazolidone (FZD), an organic compound widely used as a veterinary drug to treat bacterial infections in livestock, poses potential health hazards when residues persist in food products. Its extensive application as an antimicrobial agent in agriculture and food processing raises serious concerns regarding human health and environmental sustainability. To address this issue, we developed an electrochemical sensor based on a PbMoO 4 /P-MWCNT modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for sensitive detection of nitrofuran antibiotics. In this work, PbMoO 4 was successfully synthesized via the coprecipitation method and subsequently integrated with phosphorus-enriched multiwalled carbon nanotubes (P-MWCNTs) to form the PbMoO 4 /P-MWCNT composite. The structural and morphological characteristics of the synthesized PbMoO 4 /P-MWCNT composite were investigated using XRD, FE-SEM, HRTEM, EDX, and Raman spectroscopy analyses. Further, the electrochemical performance of the modified electrode was evaluated employing EIS, CV, DPV, and amperometric ( i – t ) techniques. The PbMoO 4 /P-MWCNT modified GCE exhibited outstanding sensing performance for FZD detection, providing a wide linear range of 0.01–751 μM, an ultralow detection limit of 3.0 nM, and a high sensitivity of 1.34 μA μM –1 cm –2 along with excellent reproducibility and robust long-term storage stability. Furthermore, the GCE/PbMoO 4 /P-MWCNT sensor showed remarkable selectivity against common interfering species. Real-sample analyses of river water and milk samples yielded high recovery rates, confirming the GCE/PbMoO 4 /P-MWCNT’s potential for practical environmental and biomedical monitoring applications.