Nanoporous Organic Frameworks as Light-Emitting Diodes: A Review

The exponential increase in the use of mobile phones and portable devices has led to a greater demand for cheap and lightweight yet efficient light-emitting diodes (LEDs). With the significant research interest in nanoporous organic frameworks, including metal–organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, and hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (MOFs, COFs, and HOFs), their applications in electronics, and particularly as LEDs, have been growing. This review summarizes the main nanoporous MOFs, COFs, and HOFs applied as LEDs that have been reported in the past 10 years. The reported studies are mainly classified depending on the types of organic precursors involved, so as to provide insight into a predesignable approach for LEDs based on these types of nanoporous frameworks that can later be commercialized and integrated into the industry of mobile technology.