Hollow Mesoporous Prussian Blue Nanoparticles Loaded with Daunorubicin for Acute Myeloid Leukemia Treatment

The most effective treatment for acute myeloid leukemia relies on high-dose chemotherapeutic agents. However, this therapy is prone to serious adverse effects due to the lack of targeted selectivity. The CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) overexpressed on the surface of acute myeloid leukemia cells is closely associated with poor prognosis and is an important clinical target. In this study, we report the construction of a biomimetic nanomedicine with targeted effects based on the CXCR4/CXC chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) biological axis by coating bone marrow stromal cell membranes (CMs) on the surface of hollow mesoporous Prussian blue nanoparticles (HMPB NPs) loaded with daunorubicin (DNR), namely, HMPB(DNR)@CM NPs, which inherit the CXCL12 of mouse bone marrow stromal (MS-5) cells. Due to the inherent CXCL12, HMPB(DNR)@CM NPs exhibit prominent advantages in targeted delivery, which enhances the killing of acute myeloid leukemia cells, and the migration and adhesion of acute myeloid leukemia cells to MS-5 cells are inhibited after treatment with nanocarriers. These CMs biomimicry also endows the nanocarrier with immune evasion as a property. More importantly, PB nanocarriers with reactive oxygen species scavenging activity and slow drug release can effectively alleviate the damage caused by chemotherapeutic drugs to hepatocytes. As a result of this research, the construction of safer and more effective chemotherapy strategies is expected to be facilitated, and the prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia patients is expected to be improved.