Controlling surface porosity of graphene-based printed aerogels
Source abstract
Abstract
Abstract The surface porosity of graphene-based aerogels strongly influences their performance in applications involving mass transfer. However, the factors determining the surface porosities are not well-understood, hindering their application-specific optimisation. Here, through experiments and hydrodynamic simulations, we show that the high shear stress during the graphene-based aerogel fabrication process via 3D printing leads to a non-porous surface. Conversely, crosslinking of the sheets hinders flake alignment caused by shearing, resulting in a porous surface. Our findings enable fine control of surface porosity of printed graphene-oxide aerogels (GOA) through regulation of the crosslinking agents and shear stress. Using this strategy, we demonstrate the performance advantages of GOA with porous surface over their non-porous counterpart in dye adsorption, underscoring the importance of surface porosity in certain application scenarios.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication · Aerogels and thermal insulation · Surface Modification and Superhydrophobicity
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (31)
Show source-provided references
1. Gorgolis, G. & Galiotis, C. Graphene aerogels: a review. 2D Mater 4, 032001 (2017).10.1088/2053-1583/aa7883 ↗
2. Nassar, G., Daou, E., Najjar, R., Bassil, M. & Habchi, R. A review on the current research on graphene-based aerogels and their applications. Carbon Trends 4, 100065 (2021).10.1016/j.cartre.2021.100065 ↗
3. Feng, J. et al. Printed aerogels: chemistry, processing, and applications. Chem. Soc. Rev 50, 3842–3888 (2021).10.1039/C9CS00757A ↗
4. Brown, E. et al. 3D printing of hybrid MoS2 -graphene aerogels as highly porous electrode materials for sodium ion battery anodes. Mater. Des 170, 107689 (2019).10.1016/j.matdes.2019.107689 ↗
5. Qi, Z. et al. 3D-printed, superelastic polypyrrole-graphene electrodes with ultrahigh areal capacitance for electrochemical energy storage. Adv. Mater. Technol. 3, 1800053 (2018).10.1002/admt.201800053 ↗
6. Li, L., He, S., Liu, M., Zhang, C. & Chen, W. Three-dimensional mesoporous graphene aerogel-supported SnO2 nanocrystals for high-performance NO2 gas sensing at low temperature. Anal. Chem. 87, 1638–1645 (2015).10.1021/ac503234e ↗
7. Xu, X. et al. Self-sensing, ultralight, and conductive 3D graphene/iron oxide aerogel elastomer deformable in a magnetic field. ACS Nano 9, 3969–3977 (2015).10.1021/nn507426u ↗
8. Masud, A., Zhou, C. & Aich, N. Emerging investigator series: 3D printed graphene-biopolymer aerogels for water contaminant removal: a proof of concept. Environ. Sci. Nano 8, 399–414 (2021).10.1039/D0EN00953A ↗
9. Zhang, Q., Zhang, F., Xu, X., Zhou, C. & Lin, D. Three-dimensional printing hollow polymer template-mediated graphene lattices with tailorable architectures and multifunctional properties. ACS Nano 12, 1096–1106 (2018).10.1021/acsnano.7b06095 ↗
10. Wang, Y., Zhang, Y., Wang, S., Guan, Y. & Zhang, Y. A 3D printed synergistic aerogel microreactor toward stable and high-efficiency photocatalytic degradation. Mater. Today Chem. 22, 100566 (2021).10.1016/j.mtchem.2021.100566 ↗
11. Sun, M., Chen, C., Chen, L. & Su, B.-L. Hierarchically porous materials: synthesis strategies and emerging applications. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng. 10, 301–347 (2016).10.1007/s11705-016-1578-y ↗
12. Wu, L., Li, Y., Fu, Z. & Su, B.-L. Hierarchically structured porous materials: synthesis strategies and applications in energy storage. Natl. Sci. Rev. 7, 1667–1701 (2020).10.1093/nsr/nwaa183 ↗
13. Peng, M. et al. 3D printing of ultralight biomimetic hierarchical graphene materials with exceptional stiffness and resilience. Adv. Mater 31, 1902930 (2019).10.1002/adma.201902930 ↗
14. Jiang, Y. et al. Direct 3D printing of ultralight graphene oxide aerogel microlattices. Adv. Funct. Mater 28, 1707024 (2018).10.1002/adfm.201707024 ↗
15. Ma, J., Wang, P., Dong, L., Ruan, Y. & Lu, H. Highly conductive, mechanically strong graphene monolith assembled by three-dimensional printing of large graphene oxide. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 534, 12–19 (2019).10.1016/j.jcis.2018.08.096 ↗
16. Voiry, D. et al. High-quality graphene via microwave reduction of solution-exfoliated graphene oxide. Science 353, 1413–1416 (2016).10.1126/science.aah3398 ↗
17. Huang, K. et al. Anisotropy of graphene scaffolds assembled by three-dimensional printing. Carbon 130, 1–10 (2018).10.1016/j.carbon.2017.12.120 ↗
18. Rocha, J. F. et al. Graphene oxide fibers by microfluidics assembly: a strategy for structural and dimensional control. Nanoscale 13, 6752–6758 (2021).10.1039/D0NR08380A ↗
19. Zhang, M. et al. Spontaneous alignment of graphene oxide in hydrogel during 3d printing for multistimuli-responsive actuation. Adv. Sci. 7, 1903048 (2020).10.1002/advs.201903048 ↗
20. Yao, B. et al. 3D-printed structure boosts the kinetics and intrinsic capacitance of pseudocapacitive graphene aerogels. Adv. Mater 32, 1906652 (2020).10.1002/adma.201906652 ↗
21. Tang, X. et al. Architectured leaf-inspired Ni0.33 Co0.66 S2 /graphene aerogels via 3D printing for high-performance energy storage. Adv. Funct. Mater 28, 1805057 (2018).10.1002/adfm.201805057 ↗
22. Tang, X. et al. Generalized 3D printing of graphene-based mixed-dimensional hybrid aerogels. ACS Nano 12, 3502–3511 (2018).10.1021/acsnano.8b00304 ↗
23. De Silva, K. K. H., Huang, H.-H. & Yoshimura, M. Progress of reduction of graphene oxide by ascorbic acid. Appl. Surf. Sci. 447, 338–346 (2018).10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.03.243 ↗
24. Sui, Z., Zhang, X., Lei, Y. & Luo, Y. Easy and green synthesis of reduced graphite oxide-based hydrogels. Carbon 49, 4314–4321 (2011).10.1016/j.carbon.2011.06.006 ↗
25. Bai, H., Li, C., Wang, X. & Shi, G. On the gelation of graphene oxide. J. Phys. Chem. C 115, 5545–5551 (2011).10.1021/jp1120299 ↗
26. Zhu, C. et al. Highly compressible 3D periodic graphene aerogel microlattices. Nat. Commun. 6, 6962 (2015).10.1038/ncomms7962 ↗
27. Zhu, C. et al. Supercapacitors based on three-dimensional hierarchical graphene aerogels with periodic macropores. Nano Lett. 16, 3448–3456 (2016).10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b04965 ↗
28. Yagub, M. T., Sen, T. K., Afroze, S. & Ang, H. M. Dye and its removal from aqueous solution by adsorption: a review. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 209, 172–184 (2014).10.1016/j.cis.2014.04.002 ↗
29. Hiew, B. Y. Z. et al. Adsorptive decontamination of diclofenac by three-dimensional graphene-based adsorbent: response surface methodology, adsorption equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies. Environ. Res. 168, 241–253 (2019).10.1016/j.envres.2018.09.030 ↗
30. Compton, O. C. & Nguyen, S. T. Graphene oxide, highly reduced graphene oxide, and graphene: versatile building blocks for carbon-based materials. Small 6, 711–723 (2010).10.1002/smll.200901934 ↗
31. Rabbani, A. & Ayatollahi, S. Comparing three image processing algorithms to estimate the grain-size distribution of porous rocks from binary 2D images and sensitivity analysis of the grain overlapping degree. Spec. Top. Rev. Porous Media An Int. J. 6, 71–89 (2015).10.1615/SpecialTopicsRevPorousMedia.v6.i1.60 ↗