Ultrastrong and fatigue-resistant bioinspired conductive fibers via the in situ biosynthesis of bacterial cellulose
Source abstract
Abstract
Abstract High-performance functional fibers play a critical role in various indispensable fields, including sensing, monitoring, and display. It is desirable yet challenging to develop conductive fibers with excellent mechanical properties for practical applications. Herein, inspired by the exquisite fascicle structure of skeletal muscle, we constructed a high-performance bacterial cellulose (BC)/carbon nanotube (CNT) conductive fiber through in situ biosynthesis and enhancement of structure and interaction. The biosynthesis strategy achieves the in situ entanglement of CNTs in the three-dimensional network of BC through the deposition of CNTs during the growth of BC. The structure enhancement through physical wet drawing and the interaction enhancement through chemical treatment facilitate orientation and bridging of components, respectively. Owing to the ingenious design, the obtained composite fibers integrate high strength (939 MPa), high stiffness (52.3 GPa), high fatigue resistance, and stable electrical performance, making them competitive for constructing fiber-based smart devices for practical applications.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Advanced Cellulose Research Studies · Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications · Advanced Materials and Mechanics
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (42)
Show source-provided references
1. He, J. et al. Scalable production of high-performing woven lithium-ion fibre batteries. Nature 597, 57–63 (2021).10.1038/s41586-021-03772-0 ↗
2. Lu, C. et al. Flexible and stretchable nanowire-coated fibers for optoelectronic probing of spinal cord circuits. Sci. Adv. 3, e1600955 (2017).10.1126/sciadv.1600955 ↗
3. Shi, X. et al. Large-area display textiles integrated with functional systems. Nature 591, 240–245 (2021).10.1038/s41586-021-03295-8 ↗
4. Xiong, J., Chen, J. & Lee, P. S. Functional fibers and fabrics for soft robotics, wearables, and human-robot interface. Adv. Mater. 33, 2002640 (2021).10.1002/adma.202002640 ↗
5. Guan, Q.-F. et al. Bio-inspired lotus-fiber-like spiral hydrogel bacterial cellulose fibers. Nano Lett. 21, 952–958 (2021).10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03707 ↗
6. Dong, K., Peng, X. & Wang, Z. L. Fiber/fabric-based piezoelectric and triboelectric nanogenerators for flexible/stretchable and wearable electronics and artificial intelligence. Adv. Mater. 32, 1902549 (2020).10.1002/adma.201902549 ↗
7. Lee, J. et al. Conductive fiber-based ultrasensitive textile pressure sensor for wearable electronics. Adv. Mater. 27, 2433–2439 (2015).10.1002/adma.201500009 ↗
8. Zhang, X., Lu, W., Zhou, G. & Li, Q. Understanding the mechanical and conductive properties of carbon nanotube fibers for smart electronics. Adv. Mater. 32, 1902028 (2020).10.1002/adma.201902028 ↗
9. Hu, S. et al. Biodegradable, super-strong, and conductive cellulose macrofibers for fabric-based triboelectric nanogenerator. Nano-Micro Lett. 14, 115–115 (2022).10.1007/s40820-022-00858-w ↗
10. Chen, X. Making electrodes stretchable. Small Methods 1, 1600029 (2017).10.1002/smtd.201600029 ↗
11. Gao, J. et al. Ultra-robust and extensible fibrous mechanical sensors for wearable smart healthcare. Adv. Mater. 34, 2107511 (2022).10.1002/adma.202107511 ↗
12. Lee, S. et al. Ag nanowire reinforced highly stretchable conductive fibers for wearable electronics. Adv. Funct. Mater. 25, 3114–3121 (2015).10.1002/adfm.201500628 ↗
13. Kwon, C. et al. Self-bondable and stretchable conductive composite fibers with spatially controlled percolated Ag nanoparticle networks: novel integration strategy for wearable electronics. Adv. Funct. Mater. 30, 2005447 (2020).10.1002/adfm.202005447 ↗
14. Cooper, C. B. et al. Toughening stretchable fibers via serial fracturing of a metallic core. Sci. Adv. 5, eaat4600 (2019).10.1126/sciadv.aat4600 ↗
15. Wang, H. et al. Downsized sheath-core conducting fibers for weavable superelastic wires, biosensors, supercapacitors, and strain sensors. Adv. Mater. 28, 4998–5007 (2016).10.1002/adma.201600405 ↗
16. Kausar, A., Rafique, I. & Muhammad, B. Aerospace application of polymer nanocomposite with carbon nanotube, graphite, graphene oxide, and nanoclay. Polym.-Plast. Technol. Eng. 56, 1438–1456 (2017).10.1080/03602559.2016.1276594 ↗
17. Deka, B. K., Hazarika, A., Kim, J., Park, Y. B. & Park, H. W. Recent development and challenges of multifunctional structural supercapacitors for automotive industries. Int. J. Energy Res. 41, 1397–1411 (2017).10.1002/er.3707 ↗
18. Wegst, U. G., Bai, H., Saiz, E., Tomsia, A. P. & Ritchie, R. O. Bioinspired structural materials. Nat. Mater. 14, 23–36 (2015).10.1038/nmat4089 ↗
19. Meyers, M. A., McKittrick, J. & Chen, P.-Y. Structural biological materials: critical mechanics-materials connections. Science 339, 773–779 (2013).10.1126/science.1220854 ↗
20. Barthelat, F., Yin, Z. & Buehler, M. J. Structure and mechanics of interfaces in biological materials. Nat. Rev. Mater. 1, 16007 (2016).10.1038/natrevmats.2016.7 ↗
21. Gillies, A. R. & Lieber, R. L. Structure and function of the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix. Muscle Nerve 44, 318–331 (2011).10.1002/mus.22094 ↗
22. Turrina, A., Martinez-Gonzalez, M. A. & Stecco, C. The muscular force transmission system: role of the intramuscular connective tissue. J. Bodyw. Mov. Ther. 17, 95–102 (2013).10.1016/j.jbmt.2012.06.001 ↗
23. Purslow, P. P. The Structure and role of intramuscular connective tissue in muscle function. Front. Physiol. 11, 495 (2020).10.3389/fphys.2020.00495 ↗
24. Sharafi, B. & Blemker, S. S. A mathematical model of force transmission from intrafascicularly terminating muscle fibers. J. Biomech. 44, 2031–2039 (2011).10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.04.038 ↗
25. Zhang, W., Liu, Y. & Zhang, H. Extracellular matrix: an important regulator of cell functions and skeletal muscle development. Cell Biosci 11, 65 (2021).10.1186/s13578-021-00579-4 ↗
26. Guan, Q.-F. et al. A general aerosol-assisted biosynthesis of functional bulk nanocomposites. Natl. Sci. Rev. 6, 64–73 (2019).10.1093/nsr/nwy144 ↗
27. Guan, Q.-F. et al. Sustainable 3D structural binder for high-performance supercapacitor by biosynthesis process. Adv. Funct. Mater. 31, 2105070 (2021).10.1002/adfm.202105070 ↗
28. Guan, Q.-F., Ling, Z.-C., Han, Z.-M., Yang, H.-B. & Yu, S.-H. Ultra-strong, ultra-tough, transparent, and sustainable nanocomposite films for plastic substitute. Matter 3, 1308–1317 (2020).10.1016/j.matt.2020.07.014 ↗
29. Wan, S. et al. Sequentially bridged graphene sheets with high strength, toughness, and electrical conductivity. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 115, 5359–5364 (2018).10.1073/pnas.1719111115 ↗
30. Yang, Q. & Pan, X. A facile approach for fabricating fluorescent cellulose. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 117, 3639–3644 (2010).10.1002/app.32287 ↗
31. Neves, R. M., Ornaghi, H. L. Jr., Zattera, A. J. & Amico, S. C. The influence of silane surface modification on microcrystalline cellulose characteristics. Carbohydr. Polym. 230, 115595 (2020).10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115595 ↗
32. Sathishkumar, T. P., Navaneethakrishnan, P., Shankar, S., Rajasekar, R. & Rajini, N. Characterization of natural fiber and composites: a review. J. Reinf. Plast. Comp. 32, 1457–1476 (2013).10.1177/0731684413495322 ↗
33. Li, X., Tabil, L. G. & Panigrahi, S. Chemical treatments of natural fiber for use in natural fiber-reinforced composites: a review. J. Polym. Environ. 15, 25–33 (2007).10.1007/s10924-006-0042-3 ↗
34. Bledzki, A. K. & Gassan, J. Composites reinforced with cellulose based fibres. Prog. Polym. Sci. 24, 221–274 (1999).10.1016/S0079-6700(98)00018-5 ↗
35. Nam, S. & Netravali, A. N. Green composites. I. Physical properties of ramie fibers for environment-friendly green composites. Fibers Polym 7, 372–379 (2006).10.1007/BF02875769 ↗
36. Fuqua, M. A., Huo, S. & Ulven, C. A. Natural fiber reinforced composites. Polym. Rev. 52, 259–320 (2012).10.1080/15583724.2012.705409 ↗
37. Mohammed, L., Ansari, M. N. M., Pua, G., Jawaid, M. & Islam, M. S. A review on natural fiber reinforced polymer composite and its applications. Int. J. Polym. Sci. 2015, 243947 (2015).10.1155/2015/243947 ↗
38. Wang, S. et al. Super-strong, super-stiff macrofibers with aligned, long bacterial cellulose nanofibers. Adv. Mater. 29, 1702498 (2017).10.1002/adma.201702498 ↗
39. Jiang, S. et al. Highly stretchable conductive fibers from few-walled carbon nanotubes coated on poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide) polymer core/shell structures. ACS Nano 9, 10252–10257 (2015).10.1021/acsnano.5b04185 ↗
40. Zhou, G. et al. High-strength single-walled carbon nanotube/permalloy nanoparticle/poly(vinyl alcohol) multifunctional nanocomposite fiber. ACS Nano 9, 11414–11421 (2015).10.1021/acsnano.5b05404 ↗
41. Du, F. M., Fischer, J. E. & Winey, K. I. Effect of nanotube alignment on percolation conductivity in carbon nanotube/polymer composites. Phys. Rev. B 72, 121404 (2005).10.1103/PhysRevB.72.121404 ↗
42. Gibbs, P. T. & Asada, H. H. Wearable conductive fiber sensors for multi-axis human joint angle measurements. J. NeuroEngineering Rehabil. 2, 7 (2005).10.1186/1743-0003-2-7 ↗