journal article·2020-12Open access

Distinct superconducting properties and hydrostatic pressure effects in 2D α- and β-Mo2C crystal sheets

Yunjie Fan, Chuan Xu, Xiang Liu, Chao Ma, Yuewei Yin, Hui-Ming Cheng, Wencai Ren, Xiaoguang Li

NPG Asia Materials· Volume 12· Issue 1

Abstract

Abstract Recently, 2D Mo2C, a new member of the MXene family, has attracted much attention due to the exotic superconducting properties discovered in 2D α-Mo2C. Here, not only 2D α-Mo2C but also 2D β-Mo2C crystal sheets with distinct disordered carbon distributions were successfully grown. 2D β-Mo2C shows a much stronger superconductivity than 2D α-Mo2C, and their superconductivities have different hydrostatic pressure responses. The superconducting transition temperature Tc of 2D α-Mo2C shows a dome-shaped profile under pressure, implying the existence of two competing effects arising from phononic and electronic properties, while for 2D β-Mo2C, Tc decreases monotonically with increasing pressure, possibly due to phonon stiffening. These results indicate that the electronic properties have a more important influence on the superconductivity in 2D α-Mo2C compared to 2D β-Mo2C. The ordered and disordered carbon distributions in 2D α-Mo2C and β-Mo2C, respectively, may be the underlying origin for their different electronic and superconducting properties.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: MXene and MAX Phase Materials · Advanced materials and composites · 2D Materials and Applications

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (56)

Show source-provided references
1. Anasori, B., Lukatskaya, M. R. & Gogotsi, Y. 2D metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) for energy storage. Nat. Rev. Mater. 2, 16098 (2017).10.1038/natrevmats.2016.98 ↗
2. Hantanasirisakul, K. & Gogotsi, Y. Electronic and optical properties of 2D transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes). Adv. Mater. 30, 1804779 (2018).10.1002/adma.201804779 ↗
3. Shahzad, F. et al. Electromagnetic interference shielding with 2D transition metal carbides (MXenes). Science 353, 1137–1140 (2016).10.1126/science.aag2421 ↗
4. Ghidiu, M., Lukatskaya, M. R., Zhao, M.-Q., Gogotsi, Y. & Barsoum, M. W. Conductive two-dimensional titanium carbide ‘clay’ with high volumetric capacitance. Nature 516, 78–82 (2014).10.1038/nature13970 ↗
5. Lukatskaya, M. R. et al. Cation intercalation and high volumetric capacitance of two-dimensional titanium carbide. Science 341, 1502–1505 (2013).10.1126/science.1241488 ↗
6. Xu, C. et al. Large-area high-quality 2D ultrathin Mo2C superconducting crystals. Nat. Mater. 14, 1135–1141 (2015).10.1038/nmat4374 ↗
7. Liu, Z. et al. Phase transition and in situ construction of lateral heterostructure of 2D superconducting alpha/beta Mo2C with sharp interface by electron beam irradiation. Nanoscale 9, 7501–7507 (2017).10.1039/C7NR01609C ↗
8. Morton, N. et al. Superconductivity of molybdenum and tungsten carbides. J. Less-Common Met. 25, 97–106 (1971).10.1016/0022-5088(71)90070-1 ↗
9. Wang, L. et al. Magnetotransport properties in high-quality ultrathin two-dimensional superconducting Mo2C crystals. ACS nano 10, 4504–4510 (2016).10.1021/acsnano.6b00270 ↗
10. Tuo, M. F. et al. Ultrathin 2D transition metal carbides for ultrafast pulsed fiber lasers. ACS Photonics 5, 1808–1816 (2018).10.1021/acsphotonics.7b01428 ↗
11. Xu, C. et al. Strongly coupled high-quality graphene/2D Superconducting Mo2C vertical heterostructures with aligned orientation. ACS Nano 11, 5906–5914 (2017).10.1021/acsnano.7b01638 ↗
12. Liu, Z. et al. Grain boundaries and tilt-angle-dependent transport properties of a 2D Mo2C superconductor. Nano Lett. 19, 857–865 (2019).10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b04065 ↗
13. Geng, D. C. et al. Controlled growth of ultrathin Mo2C superconducting crystals on liquid Cu surface. 2D Mater 4, 011012 (2016).10.1088/2053-1583/aa51b7 ↗
14. Zhang, Z. et al. Layer-stacking, defects, and robust superconductivity on the Mo-terminated surface of ultrathin Mo2C flakes grown by CVD. Nano Lett. 19, 3327–3335 (2019).10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00972 ↗
15. Li, T., Luo, W., Kitadai, H., Wang, X. & Ling, X. Probing the domain architecture in 2D alpha-Mo2C via polarized raman spectroscopy. Adv. Mater. 31, 1807160 (2019).10.1002/adma.201807160 ↗
16. Locquet, J.-P. et al. Doubling the critical temperature of La1.9Sr0.1CuO4 using epitaxial strain. Nature 394, 453–456 (1998).10.1038/28810 ↗
17. Chen, X. H. et al. Superconductivity at 43 K in SmFeAsO1-xFx. Nature 453, 761–762 (2008).10.1038/nature07045 ↗
18. Sun, J. P. et al. Dome-shaped magnetic order competing with high-temperature superconductivity at high pressures in FeSe. Nat. Commun. 7, 12146 (2016).
19. Olsen, J. L., Andres, K. & Geballe, T. H. The pressure dependence of the superconducting transition temperature. Phys. Lett. A 26, 239–240 (1968).10.1016/0375-9601(68)90624-5 ↗
20. Chu, C. W., Smith, T. F. & Gardner, W. E. Superconductivity of Rhenium and Some Rhenium-Osmium Alloys at High Pressure. Phys. Rev. Lett. 20, 198–201 (1968).10.1103/PhysRevLett.20.198 ↗
21. Schrieffer, J. R. & Brooks, J. S. Handbook of high-temperature superconductivity theory and experiment. 427–462 (Springer-Verlag, 2007).10.1007/978-0-387-68734-6 ↗
22. Sun, J. P. et al. High-Tc superconductivity in FeSe at high pressure: dominant hole carriers and enhanced spin fluctuations. Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 147004 (2017).10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.147004 ↗
23. Sun, J. P. et al. Reemergence of high-Tc superconductivity in the (Li1-xFex)OHFe1-ySe under high pressure. Nat. Commun. 9, 380 (2018).10.1038/s41467-018-02843-7 ↗
24. Liu, Z. et al. Unique domain structure of two-dimensional alpha-Mo2C superconducting crystals. Nano Lett. 16, 4243–4250 (2016).10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b01265 ↗
25. Lönnberg, B. Thermal expansion studies on the subcarbides of group V and VI transition metals. J. Less-Common Met. 120, 135–146 (1986).10.1016/0022-5088(86)90635-1 ↗
26. Zhao, X. X. et al. Edge segregated polymorphism in 2D molybdenum carbide. Adv. Mater. 31, 1808343 (2019).10.1002/adma.201808343 ↗
27. Lin, X., Zhu, Z. W., Fauqué, B. & Behnia, K. Fermi surface of the most dilute superconductor. Phys. Rev. X 3, 021002 (2013).
28. Fan, Y. J. et al. Quantum superconductor-insulator transition in titanium monoxide thin films with a wide range of oxygen contents. Phys. Rev. B 98, 064501 (2018).10.1103/PhysRevB.98.064501 ↗
29. Gajar, B. et al. Substrate mediated nitridation of niobium into superconducting Nb2N thin films for phase slip study. Sci. Rep. 9, 8811 (2019).10.1038/s41598-019-45338-1 ↗
30. Lei, J. C., Kutana, A. & Yakobson, B. I. Predicting stable phase monolayer Mo2C (MXene), a superconductor with chemically-tunable critical temperature. J. Mater. Chem. C. 5, 3438–3444 (2017).10.1039/C7TC00789B ↗
31. Qiao, J.-B. et al. One-step synthesis of van der Waals heterostructures of graphene and two-dimensional superconducting α-Mo2C. Phys. Rev. B 95, 201403 (2017).10.1103/PhysRevB.95.201403 ↗
32. McMillan, W. L. Transition temperature of strong-coupled superconductors. Phys. Rev. 167, 331–344 (1968).10.1103/PhysRev.167.331 ↗
33. Tomita, T., Hamlin, J. J., Schilling, J. S., Hinks, D. G. & Jorgensen, J. D. Dependence of Tc on hydrostatic pressure in superconducting MgB2. Phys. Rev. B 64, 092505 (2001).10.1103/PhysRevB.64.092505 ↗
34. Okaz, A. M. & Keesom, P. H. Specific heat and magnetization of the superconducting monoxides: NbO and TiO. Phys. Rev. B 12, 4917–4928 (1975).10.1103/PhysRevB.12.4917 ↗
35. Chen, X. J. et al. Pressure-induced phonon frequency shifts in transition-metal nitrides. Phys. Rev. B 70, 014501 (2004).10.1103/PhysRevB.70.014501 ↗
36. Chen, X. J., Zhang, H. & Habermeier, H.-U. Effects of pressure on the superconducting properties of magnesium diboride. Phys. Rev. B 65, 144514 (2002).10.1103/PhysRevB.65.144514 ↗
37. Liua, H. Y., Naumova, I. I., Hoffmannb, R., Ashcroftc, N. W. & Hemleyd, R. J. Potential high-Tc superconducting lanthanum and yttrium hydrides at high pressure. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 114, 6990–6995 (2017).10.1073/pnas.1704505114 ↗
38. Hopfield, J. J. On the systematics of high Tc in transition metal materials. Physica 55, 41–49 (1971).10.1016/0031-8914(71)90239-4 ↗
39. Eiling, A. & Schilling, J. S. Pressure and temperature dependence of electrical resistivity of Pb and Sn from 1-300 K and 0-10 GPa use as continuous resistive pressure monitor accurate over wide temperature range; superconductivity under pressure in Pb, Sn and In. J. Phys. F. Met. Phys. 11, 623–639 (1981).10.1088/0305-4608/11/3/010 ↗
40. Zha, X.-H. et al. Intrinsic structural, electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties of the promising conductor Mo2C MXene. J. Phys. Chem. C. 120, 15082 (2016).10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b04192 ↗
41. Liu, Y. Z., Jiang, Y. H., Zhou, R., Liu, X. F. & Feng, J. Elastic and thermodynamic properties of Mo2C polymorphs from first principles calculations. Ceram. Int. 41, 5239–5246 (2015).10.1016/j.ceramint.2014.10.167 ↗
42. Woollam, J. A. & Chu, C. W. High-pressure and low-temperature physics (Springer Science & Business Media, 2012).
43. Suderow, H., Tissen, V. G., Brison, J. P., Martínez, J. L. & Vieira, S. Pressure induced effects on the fermi surface of superconducting 2H-NbSe2. Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 117006 (2005).10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.117006 ↗
44. Qi, Y. et al. Superconductivity in Weyl semimetal candidate MoTe2. Nat. Commun. 7, 11038 (2016).10.1038/ncomms11038 ↗
45. Pan, X. C. et al. Pressure-driven dome-shaped superconductivity and electronic structural evolution in tungsten ditelluride. Nat. Commun. 6, 7805 (2015).
46. Tinkham, M. Introduction to superconductivity (McGraw-Hill, 1996).10.1063/1.2807811 ↗
47. Spivak, B., Zyuzin, A. & Hruska, M. Quantum superconductor-metal transition. Phys. Rev. B 64, 132502 (2001).10.1103/PhysRevB.64.132502 ↗
48. Song, J. C., Reizer, M. Y. & Levitov, L. S. Disorder-assisted electron-phonon scattering and cooling pathways in graphene. Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 106602 (2012).10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.106602 ↗
49. Wang, H. et al. High-quality monolayer superconductor NbSe2 grown by chemical vapour deposition. Nat. Commun. 8, 394 (2017).10.1038/s41467-017-00427-5 ↗
50. Navarro-Moratalla, E. et al. Enhanced superconductivity in atomically thin TaS2. Nat. Commun. 7, 11043 (2016).10.1038/ncomms11043 ↗
51. Özer, M. M., Jia, Y., Zhang, Z., Thompson, J. R. & Weitering, H. H. Tuning the quantum stability and superconductivity of ultrathin metal alloys. Science 316, 1594–1597 (2007).10.1126/science.1142159 ↗
52. Crauste, O., Couëdo, F., Bergé, L., Marrache-Kikuchi, C. & Dumoulin, L. Destruction of superconductivity in disordered materials: a dimensional crossover. Phys. Rev. B 90, 060203 (2014).10.1103/PhysRevB.90.060203 ↗
53. Simonin, J. Surface term in the superconductive Ginzburg-Landau free energy: Application to thin films. Phys. Rev. B 33, 7830–7832 (1986).10.1103/PhysRevB.33.7830 ↗
54. Zhang, C. et al. Quantum griffiths singularities in TiO superconducting thin films with insulating normal states. NPG Asia Mater. 11, 76 (2019).
55. Gurvitch, M. et al. Effects of disorder on the transition temperature and transport properties of a low-Tc A15 superconductor: Mo3Ge. Phys. Rev. Lett. 41, 1616–1619 (1978).10.1103/PhysRevLett.41.1616 ↗
56. Chen, X. H. et al. Correlation between the residual resistance ratio and magnetoresistance in MgB2. Phys. Rev. B 65, 024502 (2001).10.1103/PhysRevB.65.024502 ↗