journal article·2022-12Open access

Wearable multifunctional soft sensor and contactless 3D scanner using supersonically sprayed silver nanowires, carbon nanotubes, zinc oxide, and PEDOT:PSS

Hong Seok Jo, Chan-Woo Park, Seongpil An, Ali Aldalbahi, Mohamed El-Newehy, Simon S. Park, Alexander L. Yarin, Sam S. Yoon

NPG Asia Materials· Volume 14· Issue 1

Abstract

Abstract The multifunctional soft sensor developed here is capable of simultaneously sensing six stimuli, including pressure, bending strain, temperature, proximity, UV light, and humidity, with high accuracy and without interference among the respective built-in components. The sensor is fabricated via a facile, scalable, and cost-effective supersonic cold-spraying method using silver nanowires (AgNWs), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), zinc oxide (ZnO), and conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS). A mask and laser cutter are used in conjunction with the supersonic cold-spraying method to produce miniaturized multifunctional sensors that can be readily installed on various substrates; for example, the production of gloves capable of multifunctional sensing. In particular, the proximity sensor of the multifunctional glove sensor can produce a three-dimensional (3D) image of a scanned object, showing high potential for use in military, medical, and industrial applications.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials · Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors · Analytical Chemistry and Sensors

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (40)

Show source-provided references
1. Maynard, A. D. Navigating the fourth industrial revolution. Nat. Nanotechnol. 10, 1005 (2015).10.1038/nnano.2015.286 ↗
2. Ezechina, M., Okwara, K. & Ugboaja, C. The Internet of Things (Iot): a scalable approach to connecting everything. Int. J. Eng. Sci. 4, 09–12 (2015).
3. Ge, J. et al. A bimodal soft electronic skin for tactile and touchless interaction in real time. Nat. Commun. 10, 1–10 (2019).10.1038/s41467-019-12303-5 ↗
4. Rus, D. & Tolley, M. T. Design, fabrication and control of soft robots. Nature 521, 467 (2015).10.1038/nature14543 ↗
5. Roland, T., Wimberger, K., Amsuess, S., Russold, M. F. & Baumgartner, W. An insulated flexible sensor for stable electromyography detection: application to prosthesis control. Sensors 19, 961 (2019).10.3390/s19040961 ↗
6. Lin, Z. et al. Triboelectric nanogenerator enabled body sensor network for self-powered human heart-rate monitoring. ACS Nano 11, 8830–8837 (2017).10.1021/acsnano.7b02975 ↗
7. Boutry, C. M. et al. A stretchable and biodegradable strain and pressure sensor for orthopaedic application. Nat. Electron 1, 314 (2018).10.1038/s41928-018-0071-7 ↗
8. An, B. W., Heo, S., Ji, S., Bien, F. & Park, J.-U. Transparent and flexible fingerprint sensor array with multiplexed detection of tactile pressure and skin temperature. Nat. Commun. 9, 2458 (2018).10.1038/s41467-018-04906-1 ↗
9. Han, S. et al. Thermoelectric polymer aerogels for pressure–temperature sensing applications. Adv. Funct. Mater. 27, 1703549 (2017).10.1002/adfm.201703549 ↗
10. Liao, X. et al. A highly stretchable ZnO@ fiber‐based multifunctional nanosensor for strain/temperature/UV detection. Adv. Funct. Mater. 26, 3074–3081 (2016).10.1002/adfm.201505223 ↗
11. Ding, L. et al. Ultrasensitive multifunctional magnetoresistive strain sensor based on hair‐like magnetization‐induced pillar forests. Adv. Electron Mater. 6, 1900653 (2019).10.1002/aelm.201900653 ↗
12. Hua, Q. et al. Skin-inspired highly stretchable and conformable matrix networks for multifunctional sensing. Nat. Commun. 9, 244 (2018).10.1038/s41467-017-02685-9 ↗
13. Zhang, F., Zang, Y., Huang, D., Di, C.-A. & Zhu, D. Flexible and self-powered temperature–pressure dual-parameter sensors using microstructure-frame-supported organic thermoelectric materials. Nat. Commun. 6, 8356 (2015).10.1038/ncomms9356 ↗
14. Wang, S. et al. Skin electronics from scalable fabrication of an intrinsically stretchable transistor array. Nature 555, 83–88 (2018).10.1038/nature25494 ↗
15. Son, D. et al. Multifunctional wearable devices for diagnosis and therapy of movement disorders. Nat. Nanotechnol. 9, 397–404 (2014).10.1038/nnano.2014.38 ↗
16. Lee, J. G. et al. Production of flexible transparent conducting films of self‐fused nanowires via one‐step supersonic spraying. Adv. Funct. Mater. 27, 1602548 (2017).10.1002/adfm.201602548 ↗
17. An, S., Joshi, B., Yarin, A. L., Swihart, M. T. & Yoon, S. S. Supersonic cold spraying for energy and environmental applications: one‐step scalable coating technology for advanced micro‐and nanotextured materials. Adv. Mater. 32, 1905028 (2020).10.1002/adma.201905028 ↗
18. Holm R. Electric Contacts: Theory and Application (Springer Science & Business Media, 2013).
19. Timsit S. Electrical contact resistance: properties of stationary interfaces. Electrical Contacts-1998. in Proc. Forty-Fourth IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts (Cat. No. 98CB36238) 1−19 (IEEE; 1998).10.1109/HOLM.1998.722422 ↗
20. Pelot, D., Jun, S. & Yarin, A. Bentonite dispersions: transition from liquid-like to solid-like behavior and cracking. J. Non Newton. Fluid Mech. 219, 50–64 (2015).10.1016/j.jnnfm.2015.03.001 ↗
21. Jiang, G. et al. Luminescent La2O2S: Eu3+ nanoparticles as non-contact optical temperature sensor in physiological temperature range. Mater. Lett. 143, 98–100 (2015).10.1016/j.matlet.2014.12.057 ↗
22. Moser, Y. & Gijs, M. A. Miniaturized flexible temperature sensor. J. Microelectromech Syst. 16, 1349–1354 (2007).10.1109/JMEMS.2007.908437 ↗
23. Larrimore, L. M. Low Temperature Resistivity. (Swarthmore College Computer Society; 2005).
24. Zheng, W. et al. Vacuum-ultraviolet photovoltaic detector. ACS Nano 12, 425–431 (2018).10.1021/acsnano.7b06633 ↗
25. Cao, R. et al. Black phosphorous photodetectors: black phosphorous/Indium selenide photoconductive detector for visible and near‐infrared light with high sensitivity (Advanced Optical Materials 12/2019). Adv. Opt. Mater. 7, 1970047 (2019).10.1002/adom.201970047 ↗
26. Li, T. et al. Local stress enhanced photocurrent of visible light photo-detection in Cs2AgBiBr6 single crystal. Appl. Phys. Lett. 115, 131103 (2019).10.1063/1.5116088 ↗
27. Harikrishnan, G. et al. Negative photoresponse in ZnO–PEDOT: PSS nanocomposites and photogating effects. Nanoscale Adv. 1, 2435–2443 (2019).10.1039/C9NA00116F ↗
28. Boscarino, S. et al. Investigation of ZnO-decorated CNTs for UV light detection applications. Nanomater 9, 1099 (2019).10.3390/nano9081099 ↗
29. Fan, S.-W., Srivastava, A. K. & Dravid, V. P. UV-activated room-temperature gas sensing mechanism of polycrystalline ZnO. Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 142106 (2009).10.1063/1.3243458 ↗
30. Fan, S.-W., Srivastava, A. K. & Dravid, V. P. Nanopatterned polycrystalline ZnO for room temperature gas sensing. Sens. Actuators, B 144, 159–163 (2010).10.1016/j.snb.2009.10.054 ↗
31. Melnick, D. A. Zinc oxide photoconduction, an oxygen adsorption process. J. Chem. Phys. 26, 1136–1146 (1957).10.1063/1.1743483 ↗
32. Liu, M.-Q., Wang, C. & Kim, N.-Y. High-sensitivity and low-hysteresis porous mimtype capacitive humidity sensor using functional polymer mixed with TiO2 microparticles. Sensors 17, 284 (2017).10.3390/s17020284 ↗
33. Jacobs, C. B. et al. UV-activated ZnO films on a flexible substrate for room temperature O 2 and H 2 O sensing. Sci. Rep. 7, 6053 (2017).10.1038/s41598-017-05265-5 ↗
34. Tai, Y. & Lubineau, G. Human‐finger electronics based on opposing humidity‐resistance responses in carbon nanofilms. Small 13, 1603486 (2017).10.1002/smll.201603486 ↗
35. Jung, D., Han, M. & Lee, G. S. Humidity-sensing characteristics of multi-walled carbon nanotube sheet. Mater. Lett. 122, 281–284 (2014).10.1016/j.matlet.2014.02.049 ↗
36. Liu, L. et al. Humidity sensitivity of multi-walled carbon nanotube networks deposited by dielectrophoresis. Sensors 9, 1714–1721 (2009).10.3390/s90301714 ↗
37. Yu, S., Zhang, H., Zhang, J. & Li, Z. Effects of pH on high-performance ZnO resistive humidity sensors using one-step synthesis. Sensors 19, 5267 (2019).10.3390/s19235267 ↗
38. Gupta, S. P., Pawbake, A. S., Sathe, B. R., Late, D. J. & Walke, P. S. Superior humidity sensor and photodetector of mesoporous ZnO nanosheets at room temperature. Sens. Actuators B 293, 83–92 (2019).10.1016/j.snb.2019.04.086 ↗
39. Dai, H., Feng, N., Li, J., Zhang, J. & Li, W. Chemiresistive humidity sensor based on chitosan/zinc oxide/single-walled carbon nanotube composite film. Sens. Actuators B 283, 786–792 (2019).10.1016/j.snb.2018.12.056 ↗
40. Kalim, B. et al. CNTs/ZnO and CNTs/ZnO/Ag multilayers spray coated on cellulose fiber for use as an efficient humidity sensor. Ceram. Int. 46, 25593–25597 (2020).10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.07.031 ↗