Enhanced black state induced by spatial silver nanoparticles in an electrochromic device
Source abstract
Abstract
The use of three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical indium tin oxide (ITO) branches of electrochromic devices (ECDs) is an effective approach for increasing the optical properties via localized surface plasmon resonance compared with two-dimensional nanostructured electrodes. ECDs with 3D branches were designed to operate in transparent, mirror and black states. Finite-difference time-domain simulation was used to find the electrical field distributions in three types of ECD: glass/ITO with Ag film, glass/ITO branches and glass/ITO branches with Ag nanoparticles. The ECDs had an optical transmittance of 73.76% in the transparent state, a reflectance of 79.77% in the mirror state and a reflectance of 8.78% in the black state. We achieved an ECD with high stability that can show ∼10 000 switching cycles among the three states. An electrode that isolates silver nanoparticles using 3D branches can operate displays in transparent, mirrored or black states on demand. Silver nanoparticles are increasingly being used in electrochromic devices such as light-adjusting ‘smart’ windows because they appear either reflective or see-through under different electrical conditions. Now, Jong-Lam Lee from POSTECH in South Korea and co-workers have accessed an additional, light-trapping black state using indium tin oxide nanorods bearing perpendicular branches. The researchers fabricated the nanostructures using electron-beam evaporation and then assembled them into an electrochromic device containing another flat electrode and a silver electrolyte. Application of different voltages caused the transparent silver ions to either precipitate into a mirror on the flat electrode or form segregated nanoparticles on the branched electrode. The nanoparticles promoted localized surface plasmon resonances that trapped over 90% of incoming light. Highly transparent and conductive three-dimensional ITO branches were used as a scaffold to improve the optical properties of electrochromic device (ECD). During the operation of ECD, Ag nanoparticles were spatially separated on ITO branches. This unique geometry of ITO branch and Ag nanoparticle showed a strong plasmonic light absorption, resulting in deep black state (average reflectance of 8.78%). Also, the ECD could reversibly switch the three states of transparent, mirror and black states for 10 000 cycles without degradation.
Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Transition Metal Oxide Nanomaterials · Photonic Crystals and Applications · ZnO doping and properties
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (39)
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