Ultralow-field magnetocaloric materials for compact magnetic refrigeration
Source abstract
Abstract
Abstract Magnetic refrigeration around the liquid-helium temperature plays a critical role in many technological sectors. Even if gallium gadolinium garnet (GGG) has been regarded as the benchmark, its application is highly limited by the small magnetic entropy changes, the requirement of superconducting magnets, and the large device sizes. Here, we report that LiREF4 (RE = rare earth) single crystals exhibit significantly superior magnetocaloric performance levels to commercial GGG. Under a small magnetic field of 5 kOe, which can be easily achieved by a permanent magnet, the magnetic entropy change reaches a record-high value of 16.7 J kg−1 K−1 in LiHoF4 in contrast to the value of 1.0 J kg−1 K−1 in GGG. The combination of small driving fields, large entropy changes, and excellent thermal and/or magnetic reversibility enables this series to be employed as the ideal working material for compact magnetic refrigeration around the liquid-helium temperature.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materials · Advanced Condensed Matter Physics · Magnetic Properties of Alloys
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (41)
Show source-provided references
1. Debye, P. Einige bemerkungen zur magnetisierung bei tiefer temperatur. Ann. Phys. 386, 1154–1160 (1926).10.1002/andp.19263862517 ↗
2. Giauque, W. F. A thermodynamic treatment of certain magnetic effects. A proposed method of producing temperatures considerably below 1° absolute. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 49, 1864–1870 (1927).10.1021/ja01407a003 ↗
3. Dincer, I. Refrigeration Systems and Applications (John Wiley & Sons, 2017).10.1002/9781119230793 ↗
4. Chandra, A. R. & Arora, R. C. Refrigeration and Air Conditioning (PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., 2012)
5. Gutfleisch, O. et al. Magnetic materials and devices for the 21st century: stronger, lighter, and more energy efficient. Adv. Mater. 23, 821–842 (2011).10.1002/adma.201002180 ↗
6. Kittel, P. Temperature stabilized adiabatic demagnetization for space applications. Cryogenics 20, 599–601 (1980).10.1016/0011-2275(80)90097-1 ↗
7. Kittel, P. Magnetic refrigeration in space-Practical considerations. J. Energ. 4, 266–272 (1980).10.2514/3.48027 ↗
8. Kittel, P. Refrigeration below 1 K in space. Phys. B 108, 1115–1117 (1981).10.1016/0378-4363(81)90860-3 ↗
9. Britt, R. D. & Richards, P. L. An adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator for infrared bolometers. Int. J. Infrared Millim. Waves 2, 1083–1096 (1981).10.1007/BF01007075 ↗
10. Kittel, P. Ultimate temperature stability of a magnetic refrigerator. Cryogenics 23, 477–478 (1983).10.1016/0011-2275(83)90005-X ↗
11. Childs, A. M., Farhi, E. & Preskill, J. Robustness of adiabatic quantum computation. Phys. Rev. A 65, 012322 (2001).10.1103/PhysRevA.65.012322 ↗
12. Gaita-Ariño, A., Luis, F., Hill, S. & Coronado, E. Molecular spins for quantum computation. Nat. Chem. 11, 301–309 (2019).10.1038/s41557-019-0232-y ↗
13. Fisher, R. A., Brodale, G. E., Hornung, E. W. & Giauque, W. F. Magnetothermodynamics of gadolinium gallium garnet. I. Heat capacity, entropy, magnetic moment from 0.5 to 4.2 K, with fields to 90 kG along the [100] axis. J. Chem. Phys. 59, 4652–4663 (1973).10.1063/1.1680677 ↗
14. Hornung, E. W., Fisher, R. A., Brodale, G. E. & Giauque, W. F. Magnetothermodynamics of gadolinium gallium garnet. II. Heat capacity, entropy, magnetic moment from 0.5 to 4.2 K, with fields to 90 kG, along the [111] axis. J. Chem. Phys. 61, 282–291 (1974).10.1063/1.1681634 ↗
15. Brodale, G. E., Hornung, E. W., Fisher, R. A. & Giauque, W. F. Magnetothermodynamics of gadolinium gallium garnet. III. Heat capacity, entropy, magnetic moment from 0.5 to 4.2° K, with fields to 90 kG along the [110] axis. J. Chem. Phys. 62, 4041–4049 (1975).10.1063/1.430329 ↗
16. Jin, H. et al. Development of adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator for future astronomy missions. Mater. Sci. Eng. 1240, 012027 (2022).
17. Kwon, D., Bae, J. & Jeong, S. Development of the integrated sorption cooler for an adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator (ADR). Cryogenics 122, 103421 (2022).10.1016/j.cryogenics.2022.103421 ↗
18. Yang, Y., Zhang, Q. C., Pan, Y. Y., Long, L. S. & Zheng, L. S. Magnetocaloric effect and thermal conductivity of Gd (OH)3 and Gd2O (OH)4(H2O)2. Chem. Commun. 51, 7317–7320 (2015).10.1039/C5CC01254F ↗
19. Yu, Y. Y., Petrov, D. N., Park, K. C., Huy, B. T. & Long, P. T. Magnetic and cryogenic magnetocaloric properties of GdPO4 nanorods. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 519, 167452 (2021).10.1016/j.jmmm.2020.167452 ↗
20. Chen, Y. C. et al. A brilliant cryogenic magnetic coolant: magnetic and magnetocaloric study of ferromagnetically coupled GdF3. J. Mater. Chem. C. 3, 12206–12211 (2015).10.1039/C5TC02352A ↗
21. Xie, H. et al. Giant and reversible low field magnetocaloric effect in LiHoF4 compound. Dalton Trans. 50, 17697–17702 (2021).10.1039/D1DT02958D ↗
22. Zheng, X. Q. et al. Giant magnetocaloric effect in Ho12Co7 compound. Appl. Phys. Lett. 102, 022421 (2013).10.1063/1.4788706 ↗
23. Numazawa, T., Kamiya, K., Shirron, P., DiPirro, M. & Matsumoto, K. Magnetocaloric effect of polycrystal GdLiF4 for adiabatic magnetic refrigeration. AIP Conf. Proc. 850, 1579–1580 (2006).10.1063/1.2355309 ↗
24. Holmes, L. M., Johansson, T. & Guggenheim, H. J. Ferromagnetism in LiTbF4. Solid State Commun. 12, 993–997 (1973).10.1016/0038-1098(73)90022-7 ↗
25. Romanova, I. V., Malkin, B. Z., Mukhamedshin, I. R., Suzuki, H. & Tagirov, M. S. Magnetic properties of the Ising dipole ferromagnet LiTbF4. Phys. Solid State 44, 1544–1549 (2002).10.1134/1.1501356 ↗
26. Als-Nielsen, J., Holmes, L. M., Larsen, F. K. & Guggenheim, H. J. Spontaneous magnetization in the dipolar Ising ferromagnet LiTbF 4. Phys. Rev. B 12, 191 (1975).10.1103/PhysRevB.12.191 ↗
27. Romanova, I. V. et al. Magnetic and magnetoelastic properties of LiDyF4 single crystals. J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 478, 012026 (2013).10.1088/1742-6596/478/1/012026 ↗
28. Mennenga, G., de Jongh, L. J. & Huiskamp, W. J. Field dependent specific heat study of the dipolar Ising ferromagnet LiHoF4. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 44, 59–76 (1984).10.1016/0304-8853(84)90047-7 ↗
29. Beauvillain, P., Renard, J. P., Laursen, I. & Walker, P. J. Critical behavior of the magnetic susceptibility of the uniaxial ferromagnet LiHoF4. Phys. Rev. B 18, 3360 (1978).10.1103/PhysRevB.18.3360 ↗
30. Kraemer, C. et al. Dipolar antiferromagnetism and quantum criticality in LiErF4. Science 336, 1416–1419 (2012).10.1126/science.1221878 ↗
31. Abubakirov, D. I., Matsumoto, K., Suzuki, H. & Tagirov, M. S. Anisotropic magnetization of the Van Vleck paramagnet LiTmF4 at low temperatures and high magnetic fields. J. Phys. Condens. Mat. 20, 395223 (2008).10.1088/0953-8984/20/39/395223 ↗
32. Babkevich, P. et al. Dimensional reduction in quantum dipolar antiferromagnets. Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 197202 (2016).10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.197202 ↗
33. Mennenga, G., de Jongh, L. J., Huiskamp, W. J. & Laursen, I. A comparative study of the magnetic ordering specific heats of four S=1/2 dipolar magnets: LiRF4 (R=Er, Dy, Ho, Tb). J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 44, 48–58 (1984).10.1016/0304-8853(84)90046-5 ↗
34. Babkevich, P. et al. Neutron spectroscopic study of crystal-field excitations and the effect of the crystal field on dipolar magnetism in LiRF4 (R= Gd, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb). Phys. Rev. B 92, 144422 (2015).10.1103/PhysRevB.92.144422 ↗
35. Kihara, T., Kohama, Y., Hashimoto, Y., Katsumoto, S. & Tokunaga, M. Adiabatic measurements of magneto-caloric effects in pulsed high magnetic fields up to 55 T. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 84, 074901 (2013).10.1063/1.4811798 ↗
36. Miyake, A. et al. Capacitive detection of magnetostriction, dielectric constant, and magneto-caloric effects in pulsed magnetic fields. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 91, 105103 (2020).10.1063/5.0010753 ↗
37. Kazei, Z. A., Snegirev, V. V., Broto, J. M., Abdulsabirov, R. Y. & Korableva, S. L. Induced quadrupole effects near a crossover in a tetragonal TbLiF4 sheelite in a strong magnetic field up to 50 T. J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 115, 1029–1041 (2012).10.1134/S1063776112110040 ↗
38. Mo, Z. et al. Giant low-field cryogenic magnetocaloric effect in polycrystalline LiErF4 Compound. Chin. Phys. B 32, 027503 (2022).10.1088/1674-1056/ac65ef ↗
39. Martinis J. M. Mechanical Support for a Two Pill Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigerator. United States Patent 5934077 (1999).
40. Vasyliev, V., Villora, E. G., Nakamura, M., Sugahara, Y. & Shimamura, K. UV-visible Faraday rotators based on rare-earth fluoride single crystals: LiREF4 (RE = Tb, Dy, Ho, Er and Yb), PrF3 and CeF3. Opt. Express 20, 14460 (2012).10.1364/OE.20.014460 ↗
41. Pecharsky, V. K. & Gschneidner, K. A. Jr Magnetocaloric effect from indirect measurements: Magnetization and heat capacity. J. Appl. Phys. 86, 565–575 (1999).10.1063/1.370767 ↗