journal article·2021-12Open access

Hollow medium-entropy alloy nanolattices with ultrahigh energy absorption and resilience

James Utama Surjadi, Xiaobin Feng, Rong Fan, Weitong Lin, Xiaocui Li, Yang Lu

NPG Asia Materials· Volume 13· Issue 1

Abstract

Abstract Hollow micro/nanolattices have emerged in recent years as a premium solution compared to conventional foams or aerogels for mechanically robust lightweight structures. However, existing hollow metallic micro/nanolattices often cannot exhibit high toughness due to the intrinsic brittleness from localized strut fractures, limiting their broad applications. Here, we report the development of hollow CoCrNi medium-entropy alloy (MEA) nanolattices, which exhibit high specific energy absorption (up to 25 J g−1) and resilience (over 90% recoverability) by leveraging size-induced ductility and rationally engineered MEA microstructural defects. This strategy provides a pathway for the development of ultralight, damage-resistant metallic metamaterials for a myriad of structural and functional applications.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: High Entropy Alloys Studies · High-Temperature Coating Behaviors · Laser-Ablation Synthesis of Nanoparticles

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (40)

Show source-provided references
1. Schaedler, T. A. et al. Ultralight metallic microlattices. Science 334, 962–965 (2011).10.1126/science.1211649 ↗
2. Zheng, X. et al. Ultralight, ultrastiff mechanical metamaterials. Science 344, 1373–1377 (2014).10.1126/science.1252291 ↗
3. Zheng, X. et al. Multiscale metallic metamaterials. Nat. Mater. 15, 1100 (2016).10.1038/nmat4694 ↗
4. Jang, D., Meza, L. R., Greer, F. & Greer, J. R. Fabrication and deformation of three-dimensional hollow ceramic nanostructures. Nat. Mater. 12, 893 (2013).10.1038/nmat3738 ↗
5. Meza, L. R., Das, S. & Greer, J. R. Strong, lightweight, and recoverable three-dimensional ceramic nanolattices. Science 345, 1322–1326 (2014).10.1126/science.1255908 ↗
6. Bauer, J., Schroer, A., Schwaiger, R. & Kraft, O. Approaching theoretical strength in glassy carbon nanolattices. Nat. Mater. 15, 438 (2016).10.1038/nmat4561 ↗
7. Zhang, X., Vyatskikh, A., Gao, H., Greer, J. R. & Li, X. Lightweight, flaw-tolerant, and ultrastrong nanoarchitected carbon. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 116, 6665–6672 (2019).10.1073/pnas.1817309116 ↗
8. Bauer, J. et al. Nanolattices: an emerging class of mechanical metamaterials. Adv. Mater. 29, 1701850 (2017).10.1002/adma.201701850 ↗
9. Surjadi, J. U. et al. Mechanical metamaterials and their engineering applications. Adv. Eng. Mater. 21, 1800864 (2019).10.1002/adem.201800864 ↗
10. Schwaiger, R., Meza, L. & Li, X. The extreme mechanics of micro-and nanoarchitected materials. MRS Bull. 44, 758–765 (2019).10.1557/mrs.2019.230 ↗
11. Zhang, X., Wang, Y., Ding, B. & Li, X. Design, fabrication, and mechanics of 3D micro‐/nanolattices. Small 16, 1902842 (2020).10.1002/smll.201902842 ↗
12. Bauer, J., Hengsbach, S., Tesari, I., Schwaiger, R. & Kraft, O. High-strength cellular ceramic composites with 3D microarchitecture. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 111, 2453–2458 (2014).10.1073/pnas.1315147111 ↗
13. Mieszala, M. et al. Micromechanics of amorphous metal/polymer hybrid structures with 3D cellular architectures: size effects, buckling behavior, and energy absorption capability. Small 13, 1602514 (2017).10.1002/smll.201602514 ↗
14. Eckel, Z. C. et al. Additive manufacturing of polymer-derived ceramics. Science 351, 58–62 (2016).10.1126/science.aad2688 ↗
15. Yeh, J. W. et al. Nanostructured high‐entropy alloys with multiple principal elements: novel alloy design concepts and outcomes. Adv. Eng. Mater. 6, 299–303 (2004).10.1002/adem.200300567 ↗
16. Cantor, B., Chang, I., Knight, P. & Vincent, A. Microstructural development in equiatomic multicomponent alloys. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 375, 213–218 (2004).10.1016/j.msea.2003.10.257 ↗
17. Tsai, M.-H. & Yeh, J.-W. High-entropy alloys: a critical review. Mater. Res. Lett. 2, 107–123 (2014).10.1080/21663831.2014.912690 ↗
18. George, E. P., Raabe, D. & Ritchie, R. O. High-entropy alloys. Nat. Rev. Mater. 4, 515–534 (2019).10.1038/s41578-019-0121-4 ↗
19. Gao, L. et al. High‐entropy alloy (HEA)‐coated nanolattice structures and their mechanical properties. Adv. Eng. Mater. 20, 1700625 (2018).10.1002/adem.201700625 ↗
20. Surjadi, J. U., Gao, L., Cao, K., Fan, R. & Lu, Y. Mechanical enhancement of core-shell microlattices through high-entropy alloy coating. Sci. Rep. 8, 5442 (2018).10.1038/s41598-018-23857-7 ↗
21. Zhang, X. et al. Three-dimensional high-entropy alloy–polymer composite nanolattices that overcome the strength–recoverability trade-off. Nano Lett. 18, 4247–4256 (2018).10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01241 ↗
22. Senkov, O., Wilks, G., Miracle, D., Chuang, C. & Liaw, P. Refractory high-entropy alloys. Intermetallics 18, 1758–1765 (2010).10.1016/j.intermet.2010.05.014 ↗
23. Gludovatz, B. et al. A fracture-resistant high-entropy alloy for cryogenic applications. Science 345, 1153–1158 (2014).10.1126/science.1254581 ↗
24. Gludovatz, B. et al. Exceptional damage-tolerance of a medium-entropy alloy CrCoNi at cryogenic temperatures. Nat. Commun. 7, 10602 (2016).10.1038/ncomms10602 ↗
25. Yao, Y. et al. Carbothermal shock synthesis of high-entropy-alloy nanoparticles. Science 359, 1489–1494 (2018).10.1126/science.aan5412 ↗
26. Zhang, N. et al. Lattice oxygen activation enabled by high-valence metal sites for enhanced water oxidation. Nat. Commun. 11, 1–11 (2020).10.1038/s41467-019-13993-7 ↗
27. Christensen, J., Kadic, M., Kraft, O. & Wegener, M. Vibrant times for mechanical metamaterials. MRS Commun. 5, 453–462 (2015).10.1557/mrc.2015.51 ↗
28. Lee, S.-W., Jafary-Zadeh, M., Chen, D. Z., Zhang, Y.-W. & Greer, J. R. Size effect suppresses brittle failure in hollow Cu60Zr40 metallic glass nanolattices deformed at cryogenic temperatures. Nano Lett. 15, 5673–5681 (2015).10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b01034 ↗
29. Allen, H. & Bulson, P. Background to Buckling (McGraw-Hill, 1980).
30. Oliver, W. C. & Pharr, G. M. An improved technique for determining hardness and elastic modulus using load and displacement sensing indentation experiments. J. Mater. Res. 7, 1564–1583 (1992).10.1557/JMR.1992.1564 ↗
31. Feng, X. et al. Heavily twinned CoCrNi medium-entropy alloy with superior strength and crack resistance. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 788, 139591 (2020).10.1016/j.msea.2020.139591 ↗
32. Dou, N. G., Jagt, R. A., Portela, C. M., Greer, J. R. & Minnich, A. J. Ultralow thermal conductivity and mechanical resilience of architected nanolattices. Nano Lett. 18, 4755–4761 (2018).10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01191 ↗
33. Feng, X., Surjadi, J. U., Li, X. & Lu, Y. Size dependency in stacking fault-mediated ultrahard high-entropy alloy thin films. J. Alloys Compd. 844, 156187 (2020).10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.156187 ↗
34. Li, X., Wei, Y., Lu, L., Lu, K. & Gao, H. Dislocation nucleation governed softening and maximum strength in nano-twinned metals. Nature 464, 877–880 (2010).10.1038/nature08929 ↗
35. Feng, X. et al. Effects of nanotwins on the mechanical properties of AlxCoCrFeNi high entropy alloy thin films. Scr. Mater. 139, 71–76 (2017).10.1016/j.scriptamat.2017.06.009 ↗
36. Liontas, R. & Greer, J. R. 3D nano-architected metallic glass: size effect suppresses catastrophic failure. Acta Mater. 133, 393–407 (2017).10.1016/j.actamat.2017.05.019 ↗
37. Montemayor, L. & Greer, J. Mechanical response of hollow metallic nanolattices: combining structural and material size effects. J. Appl. Mech. 82, 071012 (2015).10.1115/1.4030361 ↗
38. Meza, L. R. et al. Resilient 3D hierarchical architected metamaterials. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 112, 11502–11507 (2015).10.1073/pnas.1509120112 ↗
39. Peng, S. et al. Additive manufacturing of three-dimensional (3D)-architected CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy with great energy absorption. Scr. Mater. 190, 46–51 (2021).10.1016/j.scriptamat.2020.08.028 ↗
40. Tancogne-Dejean, T., Spierings, A. B. & Mohr, D. Additively-manufactured metallic micro-lattice materials for high specific energy absorption under static and dynamic loading. Acta Mater. 116, 14–28 (2016).10.1016/j.actamat.2016.05.054 ↗