Modelling the out-of-plane behaviour of paperboard

SUMMARY: A material model consisting of a continuum and an interface model was proposed. When the models are used together the mechanical properties of paperboard can be accounted for. The continuum model was elastic-plastic in shear and compression, while only elastic in tension. In the continuum model two different yield surfaces were used to initiate plastic deformation; one for compression and one for combined shear and normal stresses. The elastic-plastic interface model accounts for separation in the normal and tangential directions. The models have been numerically implemented into the finite element software Abaqus (2007). The implementations were used to show that the response of a cyclic tension and cyclic compression test can be predicted. Moreover, simulations with combined compression and shear stresses were presented.