Characteristics of potassium hydroxide lignin from corn stalk and dhaincha
Source abstract
Abstract
Abstract Non-wood pulping faces environmental and processing problems due to lack of suitable technology. To overcome the challenges, potassium hydroxide pulping was suggested, which can also be integrated with biorefinery. To make a viable biorefinery, all dissolved components need to be utilized. Therefore, in this paper, the dissolved lignin from the potassium hydroxide pulping of corn stalks and dhaincha was isolated and characterized by UV, FTIR, 1H-NMR, 31P-NMR and 2D-NMR spectroscopy and molecular weight and compared with the corresponding dioxane lignins. 1H-NMR and 2D-NMR indicated that potassium hydroxide pulping cleaved β-O-4 aryl ether linkages, and consequently increased phenolic hydroxyl group and reduced molecular weight. It was found that phenolation is an effective method to improve the reactivity and reduce molecular weight, and thus the lignin from the potassium hydroxide liquor was further phenolated. The penolated lignin showed strong NIR bands at 5970 and 6896 cm−1 for aromatic C-H and phenolic O-H group.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Lignin and Wood Chemistry · Advanced Cellulose Research Studies · Enzyme-mediated dye degradation
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
130051 Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) . Dr. Qudrat-i-Khuda Road , Dhaka , Bangladesh
442519 China National Pulp & Paper Research Institute , Beijing , China
Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , 95324 University of Dhaka , Dhaka , Bangladesh
Funding
Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
References (41)
Show source-provided references
1. Abejón, R., Rabadán, J., Garea, A., Irabien, A. (2020) Comparison of Supported Ionic Liquid Membranes and Polymeric Ultrafiltration and Nanofiltration Membranes for Separation of Lignin and Monosaccharides. Membranes 10(2):29.10.3390/membranes10020029 ↗
2. Boerjan, W., Ralph, J., Baucher, M. (2003) Lignin biosynthesis. Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. 54(1):519–546.10.1146/annurev.arplant.54.031902.134938 ↗
3. De Jong, E., Higson, A., Walsh, P., Wellisch, M. (2012) Product developments in the bio-based chemicals arena. Biofuels Bioprod. Bioref. 6(6):606–624.10.1002/bbb.1360 ↗
4. Domínguez-Robles, J., Sánchez, R., Díaz-Carrasco, P., Espinosa, E., García-Domínguez, M.T., Rodríguez, A. (2017) Isolation and characterization of lignins from wheat straw: application as binder in lithium batteries. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 104:909–918.10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.07.015 ↗
5. Du, X., Li, J., Lindström, M.E. (2014) Modification of industrial softwood kraft lignin using Mannich reaction with and without phenolation pretreatment. Ind. Crop. Prod. 52:729–735.10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.11.035 ↗
6. Fengel, D., Wegener, G. Wood: Chemistry, Ultrastructure. Reactions. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, 1983. pp. 157–163.10.1515/9783110839654 ↗
7. Ferdous, T., Quaiyyum, M.A., Arafat, K.M.Y., Jahan, M.S. (2020) Characterization of chia plant (Salvia hispanica) for pulping. Tappi J. 19:511–524.10.32964/TJ19.10.511 ↗
8. Fergus, B.J., Goring, D.A.I. (1970) The location of guaiacyl and syringyl lignins in birch xylem tissue. Holzforschung 24(4):113–117.10.1515/hfsg.1970.24.4.113 ↗
9. Funaoka, M., Matsubara, M., Seki, N., Fukatsu, S. (1995) Conversion of native lignin to a highly phenolic functional polymer and its separation from lignocellulosics. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 46(6):545–552.10.1002/bit.260460607 ↗
10. Goldschmid, O. (1971) Ultraviolet Spectra. In: Lignins: Occurence, formation, structure and reactions. Eds. Sarkanen, K.V., Ludwig, C.H., Wiley Intersciene, New York. pp. 241–266.
11. Huang, C., He, J., Narron, R., Wang, Y., Yong, Q. (2017) Characterization of kraft lignin fractions obtained by sequential ultrafiltration and their potential application as a biobased component in blends with polyethylene. ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 5:11770–11779.10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b03415 ↗
12. Ibrahim, M.N.M., Zakaria, N., Sipaut, C.S., Sulaiman, O., Hashim, R. (2011) Chemical and thermal properties of lignins from oil palm biomass as a substitute for phenol in a phenol formaldehyde resin production. Carbohydr. Polym. 86(1):112–119.10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.04.018 ↗
13. International Energy Agency (2012) World Energy Outlook.
14. Jahan, M.S., Chowdhury, D.N., Islam, M.K. (2007) Atmospheric formic acid pulping and TCF bleaching of dhaincha (Sesbania aculeata), kash (Saccharum spontaneum) and banana stem (Musa Cavendish). Ind. Crop. Prod. 26(3):324–331.10.1016/j.indcrop.2007.03.012 ↗
15. Jahan, M.S., Mun, S.P. (2006) Characteristics of milled wood lignins isolated from different ages of nalita wood (Trema orientalis). Cellul. Chem. Technol. 40(6):457–467.
16. Jahan, M.S., Mun, S.P. (2007) Characteristics of dioxane lignins isolated at different ages of Nalita wood (Trema orientalis). J. Wood Chem. Technol. 27(2):83–98.10.1080/02773810701486865 ↗
17. Jiang, X., Liu, J., Du, X., Hu, Z., Chang, H.M., Jameel, H. (2018) Phenolation to improve lignin reactivity toward thermosets application. ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 6(4):5504–5512.10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b00369 ↗
18. Krongtaew, C., Messner, K., Ters, T., Fackler, K. (2010) Characterization of key parameters for biotechnological lignocellulose conversion assessed by FT-NIR spectroscopy. Part I: Qualitative analysis of pretreated straw. BioResources 5(4):2063–2080.
19. Liao, Y.T., Matsagar, B.M., Wu, K.C.W. (2018) Metal–organic framework (MOF)-derived effective solid catalysts for valorization of lignocellulosic biomass. ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 6(11):13628–13643.10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b03683 ↗
20. Ma, X., Yang, X., Zheng, X., Chen, L., Huang, L., Cao, S., Akinosho, H. (2015) Toward a further understanding of hydrothermally pretreated holocellulose and isolated pseudo lignin. Cellulose 22(3):1687–1696.10.1007/s10570-015-0607-1 ↗
21. Ma, X., Zheng, X., Yang, H., Wu, H., Cao, S., Chen, L., Huang, L. (2016) A perspective on lignin effects on hemicelluloses dissolution for bamboo pretreatment. Ind. Crop. Prod. 94:117–121.10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.08.025 ↗
22. Martínez, Á.T., Rencoret, J., Marques, G., Gutiérrez, A., Ibarra, D., Jiménez-Barbero, J., José, C. (2008) Monolignol acylation and lignin structure in some nonwoody plants: a 2D NMR study. Phytochemistry 69(16):2831–2843.10.1016/j.phytochem.2008.09.005 ↗
23. Mitsui, K., Inagaki, T., Tsuchikawa, S. (2008) Monitoring of hydroxyl groups in wood during heat treatment using NIR spectroscopy. Biomacromolecules 9(1):286–288.10.1021/bm7008069 ↗
24. Moshkelani, M., Marinova, M., Perrier, M., Paris, J. (2013) The forest biorefinery and its implementation in the pulp and paper industry: Energy overview. Appl. Therm. Eng. 50(2):1427–1436.10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2011.12.038 ↗
25. Nicholson, D.J., Guilford, C.R., Abiola, A.B., Bose, S.K., Francis, R.C. (2016) Estimation of the S/G ratios of the lignins in three widely used North American hardwoods. Tappi J. 15(7):449–457.10.32964/TJ15.7.449 ↗
26. Oliveira, L., Evtuguin, D., Cordeiro, N., Silvestre, A.J.D. (2009) Structural characterization of stalk lignin from banana plant. Ind. Crop. Prod. 29(1):86–95.10.1016/j.indcrop.2008.04.012 ↗
27. Pan, X.J., Sano, Y. (1999a) Atmospheric acetic acid pulping of rice straw IV: Physico-chemical characterization of acetic acid lignins from rice straw and woods. Part 1. Physical characteristics. Holzforschung 53:511–518.10.1515/HF.1999.084 ↗
28. Pan, X.J., Sano, Y. (1999b) Atmospheric acetic acid pulping of rice Straw IV: physicochemical characterization of acetic acid lignins from rice straw and woods. Part 2. Chemical Structures. Holzforschung 53:590–596.10.1515/HF.1999.098 ↗
29. Popy, R.S., Nayeem, J., Arafat, K.M.Y., Rahman, M.M., Jahan, M.S. (2020a) Mild potassium hydroxide pulping of straw. Curr. Res. Green Sustain. Chem. 3:100015.10.1016/j.crgsc.2020.100015 ↗
30. Popy, R.S., Ni, Y., Salam, A., Jahan, M.S. (2020b) Mild potassium hydroxide-based alkaline integrated biorefinery process of Kash (Saccharum spontaneum). Ind. Crop. Prod. 154:112738.10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112738 ↗
31. Rahman, M.M., Arafat, K.M.Y., Jin, Y., Chen, H., Jahan, M.S. (2021) Structural characterization of potassium hydroxide liquor lignin and its application in biorefinery. Biomass Convers. Biorefin. 1–11.10.1007/s13399-020-01202-1 ↗
32. Rossberg, C., Janzon, R., Saake, B., Leschinsky, M. (2019) Effect of process parameters in pilot scale operation on properties of organosolv lignin. BioResources 14:4543–4559.10.15376/biores.14.2.4543-4559 ↗
33. Salud, E.C., Faix, O. (1980) The isolation and characterization of lignins of Shorea species. Holzforschung 34(4):113–121.10.1515/hfsg.1980.34.4.113 ↗
34. Sarkanen, K.V., Chang, H.M., Allan, G.G. (1967) Species variation in lignins. 3. Hardwood lignins. Tappi J. 50(12):587.
35. Sun, R., Lawther, J.M., Banks, W.B. (1997) Fractional isolation and physico-chemical characterization of alkali-soluble lignins from wheat straw. Holzforschung 51(3):244–250.10.1515/hfsg.1997.51.3.244 ↗
36. Sutradhar, S., Arafat, K.M.Y., Nayeem, J., Jahan, M.S. (2020) Organic acid lignin from rice straw in phenol-formaldehyde resin preparation for plywood. Cellul. Chem. Technol. 54(5–6):463–471.10.35812/CelluloseChemTechnol.2020.54.47 ↗
37. Tomani, P. (2010) The lignoboost process. Cellul. Chem. Technol. 44:53–58.
38. Wu, S.B., Zhan, H.Y. (2001) Characteristics of demethylated wheat straw soda lignin and its utilization in lignin-based phenolic formaldehyde resins. Cellul. Chem. Technol. 35(3–4):253–262.
39. Yoo, C.G., Li, M., Meng, X., Pu, Y., Ragauskas, A.J. (2017) Effects of organosolv and ammonia pretreatments on lignin properties and its inhibition for enzymatic hydrolysis. Green Chem. 19(8):2006–2016.10.1039/C6GC03627A ↗
40. Zhang, N., Li, Z., Xiao, Y., Pan, Z., Jia, P., Feng, G., Bao, C., Zhou, Y., Hua, L. (2020) Lignin-based phenolic resin modified with whisker silicon and its application. J. Bioresour. Bioprod. 5(1):67–77.10.1016/j.jobab.2020.03.008 ↗
41. Zhou, C., Jiang, W., Via, B.K., Fasina, O., Han, G. (2015) Prediction of mixed hardwood lignin and carbohydrate content using ATR-FTIR and FT-NIR. Carbohydr. Polym. 121:336–341.10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.11.062 ↗